| As a typical " Production-Living-Ecological " Space that carries production,living and ecological construction activities,the black soil area is an important link for the development of rural revitalization.However,with the continuous development of black soil,the conflict between the " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in black soil area has become increasingly obvious,the stability of landscape pattern has been destroyed,and the ecological carrying capacity and resource availability have become seriously imbalanced.Based on this,a typical county black soil area,Bin County,Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province,is used as the target area for the study,and the evolution of the spatial landscape pattern of Bin County is analyzed by land use transfer matrix and land use dynamic attitude using 3S technology.On the basis of this,the ecological vulnerability evaluation model is constructed to evaluate the spatial ecological vulnerability of the three habitats in Bin County,and the influence factors of ecological vulnerability are analyzed by using the geographic detector model.In order to grasp the existing problems of the ecological environment in the black soil area of Bin County,and then to effectively restore the black soil area of Bin County and propose a reasonable development path.The main research results are as follows:(1)The evolution and shifting characteristics of the landscape pattern of the " ProductionLiving-Ecological " Space in Bin County are obvious,and different landscape types show a trend of uniform distribution,and the fragmentation situation is not optimistic.The production space has the largest area in the landscape pattern of " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in Bin County,accounting for about 90% of the study area.The urban living space is concentrated in the living space,while the rural living space is scattered.The ecological space is distributed in the southeast of Bin County and along the Songhua River,and the spatial structure is more stable.At the same time,the landscape pattern of the three living spaces in Bin County has the phenomenon of spatial and functional flow.Among them,the production space is obviously transferred like living space and ecological space,and the transfer of living space and ecological space is basically equal.In general,the area of agricultural construction space,urban living space,rural living space and preserved ecological space increases,and the area of agricultural production space and controlled ecological space decreases.The landscape fragmentation of the " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in Bin County continues to increase.(2)The overall ecological vulnerability of the " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in Bin County is in the category of mildly repairable,and the interaction of various influencing factors is obvious.The overall ecological vulnerability of the " Production-Living-Ecological" Space in Bin County is mainly slight,mild and moderate,and the degree of ecological vulnerability has deepened in the past 20 years,among which the area of potentially vulnerable areas and slightly vulnerable areas has decreased,but the area of mild,moderate and severely vulnerable areas has increased significantly,and a large number of potentially and slightly vulnerable areas have been transformed into mild and moderate vulnerability.Annual rainfall,per capita food production and population density have significant effects on the ecological vulnerability of the " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in Bin County,and interact with other factors to determine the ecological vulnerability and spatial layout.At the same time,the interaction values of each influencing factor are greater than the values of individual influencing factors.(3)The ecological restoration of the " Production-Living-Ecological " Space in Bin County needs to start from a comprehensive approach of landscape pattern vulnerability regulation.We propose methods for landscape pattern optimization in terms of constructing land management system,establishing urban-rural synergistic land conservation strategy,and strengthening multifunctional planning configuration of black soil space;implementing ecological vulnerability restoration strategies such as intensive and economical land use and control of regional development intensity in low vulnerability areas;multifunctional land management and enhancement of landscape richness in medium vulnerability areas;reduction of agricultural production factor inputs and improvement of ecological compensation system in high vulnerability areas.To realize the path of sustainable development of the " Production-LivingEcological " Space in in Bin County with intelligent control mode,integrated spatial governance and comprehensive land remediation. |
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