Research On The Impact Of Agricultural Subsidies On Agricultural Green Production Efficiency

Agriculture is a fundamental industry for human survival and development.However,in the development of modern times,agriculture has gradually become a low-value industry due to the influence of highly efficient and high value-added industries.This has had an impact on agriculture and the development of countries to some extent.To mitigate the negative effects of industrial development on agriculture,countries around the world have implemented "agricultural subsidies" policies to achieve the goal of promoting mutual development between industry and agriculture.However,China’s long-standing agricultural subsidies have primarily focused on increasing grain production and improving farmers’ income,neglecting the pollution issues in agricultural production and exacerbating ecosystem degradation.Therefore,in 2016,the Chinese government made sustainable agricultural development a policy objective and reformed the "three subsidies" into "agricultural support and protection subsidies" to balance economic development and ecological development.This demonstrates the inseparable relationship between economic benefits and ecological benefits.The effectiveness of the reformed agricultural subsidies directly affects the future development of agriculture in China.Based on the above background,this article mainly includes three aspects of research:(1)Analyzing the historical development of China’s agricultural subsidy policy,summarizing the goals and characteristics of agricultural subsidy policies at different stages,and using relevant economic theories to explore the rationality of the current agricultural subsidy policy reform.(2)Using the SBM-Undesirable model and GML index to measure the agricultural green production efficiency of31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in China from 2012 to 2021,incorporating agricultural carbon emissions as a non-desirable output to make efficiency evaluation cover both economic and ecological outputs;(3)Using the expenditure amounts of agricultural support and protection subsidies and agricultural machinery purchase subsidies collected from each province(autonomous region and municipality),adding relevant control variables,constructing a Tobit model to analyze the impact of the two types of agricultural subsidies on agricultural green production efficiency,and proposing targeted recommendations based on the research results.The primary research findings of this article are:(1)The characteristics of China’s agricultural subsidy policy at different stages are obvious,and the current policy is in line with the goal of future development.(2)From 2012 to 2021,China’s agricultural green production efficiency has generally increased,but the growth rate varies,with a slower increase from 2012 to 2015 and a larger increase after 2016.(3)Both agricultural support and protection subsidies and agricultural machinery purchase subsidies have a significant negative impact on agricultural green production efficiency,but the square terms of both types of subsidies have a significant positive impact,indicating that the current subsidies are conducive to promoting the improvement of agricultural green production efficiency in the long term.(4)The increase in the proportion of agricultural output,the level of farmers’ income,and the education level of farmers in the primary sector contribute to the improvement of agricultural green production efficiency.(5)The growth of agricultural mechanization,agricultural disaster rate,and urbanization rate hinders the improvement of agricultural green production efficiency.Based on the above conclusions,this article proposes policy recommendations from five aspects:ensuring food security,guiding subsidies for green agricultural machinery,establishing a market-oriented agricultural structural adjustment system,strengthening agricultural disaster prevention mechanisms,and improving the agricultural subsidy supervision system.