Research On The Value Realization Path Of Public Ecological Products Based On CGE Model

Value realization of ecological products is a bridge for the transformation from green mountains to gold mountains and an important measure to coordinate ecological environment protection and economic and social development.As the key and difficult point,the value realization of public ecological products is usually led by the government,and the value transformation is realized by government purchase,ecological protection compensation and other forms.There are problems such as single source of funds and high government pressure.It is urgent to expand the main body of value realization and innovate the paths of value realization.Accordingly,this study takes Xiamen City,a demonstration area of ecological civilization construction,as a case.Firstly,it accounts the value of public ecological products.Based on the accounting results,a Computable General Equilibrium with Public Ecological Products(PEP-CGE Model)is constructed.Secondly,two types of entities,enterprises and residents,are set up in the model to provide special funds for realizing the value of public ecological products in different ways,and carry out ecological construction,industrial support and residents’ subsidies under the control of the local government.Finally,through the analysis of the overall impact of each scenario on ecology,economy and society,the possible optimization paths to realize the value of public ecological products are discussed.Main results are as follows.The total value of public ecological products in Xiamen City was 264.61 billion yuan in 2018.Among the public ecological products,the value of species conservation and renewal accounted for the largest proportion,which was 14.4 billion yuan,accounting for 54.58%.Among the administrative regions,Tong’an District and Xiang’an District accounted for a large proportion of the value,which was 8.72 billion yuan and 6.59 billion yuan respectively,accounting for 32.95% and 24.89%.Each path can promote the value realization of public ecological products,but the impact on economy and society is different.In the case of only considering macro indicators,increasing the income tax of residents and enterprises can achieve the “triple dividend” of ecological,economic and social benefits;increasing the consumption tax of ecological and environmental pollution sectors can achieve the “double dividend” of ecological and economic benefits.Combined with other production and consumption indicators such as output changes or income and expenditure of economic entities,increasing enterprises income tax for ecological compensation can produce more economic benefits,and can be used as a potential path for the value realization of public ecological products in the future.This study innovatively incorporates public ecological products into the CGE model,and compares the comprehensive benefits under different paths through multidimensional indicators.It provides a novel and practical perspective for the realization of the value of public ecological products,and provides a reference for selecting or optimizing the implementation of relevant policies for the realization of the value of public ecological products.