| In order to actively respond to climate change,China put forward the strategic goals of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality" during the National People’s Congress in 2021.Therefore,this thesis combines the "dual carbon" strategic perspective and the proposal of the national strategy for building the Yellow River Ecological Economic Belt,links innovation elements with carbon emissions,and analyzes the relationship between innovation elements and carbon emissions among various regions in the river basin through a spatial econometric model.Spatial distribution characteristics to explore the spatial relationship between the spatial configuration of innovation elements and carbon emission intensity.The analysis conclusion has clear practical significance for improving the quality and level of economic and social development,strengthening the ecological protection of the river basin,adhering to the ecological red line,and realizing the low-carbon and sustainable development of the river basin.This thesis selects the inter-provincial panel data of nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2019,uses the panel entropy method to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system for the level of innovation elements,and quantitatively evaluates the level of innovation elements in the Yellow River Basin.The standard deviation ellipse method is used to describe the spatial characteristics of innovation elements and carbon emission intensity in the Yellow River Basin,and then a spatial econometric model is constructed to analyze the spatial effect of the spatial configuration of innovation elements on carbon emission intensity.Through research,it is found that: First,from the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics.The overall standard deviation ellipse distribution of innovation elements in the Yellow River Basin is southwest-northeast,and the spatial configuration characteristics did not change significantly from 2010 to 2019.The ellipse centroid is roughly located at the junction of Shaanxi,Henan and Shanxi provinces,and the distribution direction obvious.Inner Mongolia,Ningxia,Gansu and Qinghai have lower allocation levels,while Shandong,Henan,Shanxi,Shaanxi and Sichuan have higher allocation levels.At the same time,the distribution direction has a trend of changing from the "Southwest-Northeast" distribution to the "West-East" distribution,indicating that the innovation elements in Gansu,Qinghai and other provinces are gradually developing.The standard deviation ellipse of carbon emission intensity is also in the southwest-northeast trend,but the ratio of the short semi-axis to the long semi-axis is larger,and the distribution direction is less obvious.It shows that the carbon emission intensity of Inner Mongolia,Gansu and other provinces is also at the same level as other provinces.The eastern provinces account for a higher proportion of the overall emissions,and the azimuth angle of the ellipse shows a gradually increasing trend,indicating that the carbon emission intensity of the western provinces shows a trend of increasing over time.Second,from the perspective of spatial relationship.Among different provinces in the Yellow River Basin,there is a significant spatial correlation between carbon emission intensity,and through empirical analysis,it is found that the different spatial distribution characteristics of innovation elements in this province have different degrees of spatial spillover to the carbon emission intensity of adjacent provinces.effect.Among the three main factors summarized in this thesis,the innovation performance factor and innovation input factor can significantly promote the economic development of the region,and ultimately promote the carbon emission intensity of the region,while the education reserve factor shows a significant spatial spillover effect,and promote carbon emissions in neighboring provinces.Combined with the empirical results of this thesis,the following suggestions are put forward: First,pour more resources into the progress of technology,and we should not ignore or give up development because of choking and only taking into account the reduction of emissions.Second,seize the opportunity of the rising carbon emission period before the "carbon peak" in 2030,and accelerate the promotion of ecological economic development and technological innovation in backward areas in the basin.Third,continue to optimize the spatial distribution of innovation resources and higher education resources within the watershed,so as to realize the coordinated development of innovation resources and higher education in the region.Fourth,make full use of natural advantages and reduce the proportion of fossil energy in energy supply. |
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