A Study On Choosing Domestic Waste Classification Policy Tools In Urban Communities

With the increasingly serious urban problems such as "garbage siege",the classification of domestic waste has become the direction of urban waste management.As a public policy that needs extensive public participation,the choice of policy tools is very important to improve the awareness of public participation and stimulate public policy implementation behavior.At present,there are relatively few studies on domestic waste classification policy from the perspective of policy tools.From the perspective of policy tool theory,what kind of policy tool has been selected for the community domestic waste classification policy?What is the strategy of government action behind this choice?Based on the policy tool theory of Hollett and Ramesh,this study takes Qingdao as a case,analyzes and collects 30 Qingdao domestic waste classification policy texts by text analysis,and obtains 368 policy tool information;Combined with interviews with relevant government departments and community workers,further in-depth analysis is carried out.It is found that the classification and integration of community domestic waste in Qingdao uses multiple policy tools,which has significant mandatory characteristics,and the strength of mixed policy tools is insufficient.It reflects that although local urban governments in China will choose more kinds of tools when choosing community domestic waste classification policy tools,they still use more tools with mandatory attributes and less mixed policy tools.Through further analysis,this study has obtained three policy tool selection strategies for community domestic waste classification of China’s urban governments:the first is the collaborative governance strategy under the guidance of cooperation.When implementing the domestic waste classification policy,local urban governments will choose the combination of multiple tools according to the characteristics of policy tools,which originates from the improvement of the effect of the combined use of multiple policy tools from the dimension of policy tools and the reflection on the single center governance model from the dimension of policy participants.The second is the mandatory implementation strategy under the high pressure of tasks.Facing the constraints of policy objectives,the urban government decomposes the task pressure from the pressure system channel,carries out the hard index management to complete the task objectives along the bureaucratic system,and strengthens the assessment and supervision of quality control.The third is the symbolic implementation strategy under the bureaucratic restrictions.The new governance paradigm will also bring the dilemma of multi participation cooperation,which needs to be solved and broken through by the local government.Otherwise,local urban government will be trapped in the constraints of power and responsibility,and finally implement the relevant policies only in name or suspend the use of policy tools by shelving.On the whole,China’s urban community waste classification is still in the construction and promotion stage of domestic waste classification system,and its main policy goal is inclined to infrastructure construction,and the main policy tool is mandatory tool;In order to form a long-term mechanism of domestic waste classification policy in the future,and the selection of relevant policy tools should be biased towards the tools of value guidance.Finally,this paper puts forward three strategic suggestions for the selection of policy tools for the classification of community domestic waste,which are that the governance concept of collaborative governance should be adopted to condense the strength of multiple subjects,the combination scheme of policy tools should be selected according to the characteristics of tools,and the focus of tool selection should be adjusted timely according to the policy stage.