A Study On Policy Of Municipal Solid Waste Classification From The Perspective Of Policy Tool Theory

With the development of economy,the output of waste in China is increasing,so it is urgent to improve the efficiency of waste management.Through research and practice,it can be seen that waste classification is beneficial to improve the efficiency of waste management,and realize the goal of waste reduction,waste recycling and waste harmlessness.Waste classification has been carried out for decades in China,but the effect is not so good.Policy tools,as a bridge to achieve policy objectives,are an important factor for policy results.At present,the research on China’s waste classification policy from the perspective of policy tool mostly focuses on the actual effect,and the research on the policy text is relatively weak.However,the policy text plays a guiding role in policy implementation and is closely related to the policy effect.The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued a notice in 2017 which set clear requirements for waste management of 46 key cities.Therefore,this paper,from the perspective of policy tools,uses literature research method and text analysis method to conduct a detailed analysis of municipal solid waste classification policies in 46 key cities.On the one hand,this paper will carry out a basic analysis of the overall situation of the policy text,mainly including policy type analysis and policy space-time analysis.On the other hand,a two-dimensional analysis model is established based on policy tools to analyze policy contents in detail,in the X-dimension,basic policy tools are divided into three categories:supply-oriented policy tools,environment-oriented policy tools and demand-oriented policy tools according to Roswell’s classification method;at the same time,based on the management process of garbage classification in reality,the Y-dimension of waste classification process is constructed,including three stages:waste classification delivery at front,waste classification transportation in middle,and waste classification dispose at end.Accordingly,this paper selects municipal waste classification policy of 46 key cities in 2000-2020 and gets 112 comprehensive policy text,then this paper encodes policy text based on the dimensions of X dimension-basic policy tools and Y dimension-waste classification process and gets 2731 effective nodes.Based on those text analysis data,this paper will start statistical analysis of policy text in the above two aspects.According to the results of policy text statistical analysis,combined with practice,this paper found that:46 key cities have made some achievements in infrastructure supply and garbage classification publicity,but there are still some problems in municipal solid waste classification and management policies.From the perspective of overall policy,there are problems of repetition and singleness among different cities and poor connection in time.In the dimension of basic policy tools,there are problems of insufficient use of supply-oriented policy tools,excessive and extensive use of environment-oriented policy tools,and lack use of demand-oriented policy tools.In the dimension of waste classification process,there are problems of unbalanced application of basic policy tools in each stage and unclear connection between basic policy tools and operational stages.To solve those problems,this paper give policy suggestions:take measures according to local conditions and make systematic plans;adjust the proportion and optimize the structure of policy tools;strengthen cohesion and promote unified management of municipal solid waste classification throughout the process.