Taxonomic Studies Of Hypogeous Fungi In The Northeastern China Forest

Hypogeous fungi refers to a type of fungi whose fruiting bodies complete nutrition and reproduction in the soil,and rely on the feeding of animals to complete spore transmission.Hypogeous fungi are mostly mycorrhizal fungi,mycorrhizal fungi can form mycorrhizal symbionts with tree species,improve the host’s ability to absorb soil nutrients,play an important role in the cycle of C,N,and P in forest ecosystems,and affect the growth of forest plants.growth and development.There are more than 2,000 higher plants and more than 200 soil species in the northeast forest area,which are suitable for the growth of hypogeous fungi.Hypogeous fungi has always been a hot spot in mycological research.At present,more than 270 species have been identified through research on hypogeous fungi in my country.On the basis of the previous work of the team,this research collected data from the forest area in Northeast China and carried out taxonomy and molecular systematic research on the hypogeous fungi.Among them,Ascomycota include Tuber,Pachyphrodes,Elaphomyces,and Genea;Basidiomycota can be classified into the genera Hymenogaster,Gautieria,Melanogaster,Gastrosporium and Scleroderma.Explore the interspecific relationships within each genus and the symbiotic tree species of hypogeous fungi.In the taxonomic research,I conducted morphological observations on more than 120 specimens collected by myself and my team in the Northeast forest area and the specimens preserved in the Herbarium of Mycology of Jilin Agricultural University(HMJAU),among which 9 hypogeous fungi groups were identified There are 21 species of genera,including 6 species of Tuber,4 species of Hymenogaster,3 species of Scleroderma,2 species of Pachyphlodes and 2 species of Elaphomyces,and Genea,Gastrosporium,Melanogaster,and Gautieria each have one species.A new species has been discovered: T.mongolicum T.Bau & F.Guo sp.nov.The main characteristics are that ascomata has ravine patterns,sparse white veins,and the outer brown yellow coating composed of pseudoparenchyma cells,while the inner layer is colorless.2 new record species in China,namely Genea.thaxteri Gilkey(USA),Gastrosporium.gossypinum T.Kasuya,S.Hanawa & K.Hosaka(Japan);5 new records species in provinces;Tuber foetidum Vittad.(Jilin),T.microcarpum L.Fan & Ting Li(Inner Mongolia);P.depressa L.Fan(Inner Mongolia);E.decipiens Vittad.(Jilin).For each species,a detailed morphological description and ink-line drawing will be made,and pictures of the wild habitats of ascocarps and basidiocarps will be attached.Compilation of genus and species key tables.The study found that hypogeous fungi had the most symbiotic species with broad-leaved trees,and the most symbiotic species with Quercus mongolica and poplar among broad-leaved trees.In the study of molecular phylogenetics,42 self-tested sequences and sequences downloaded from NCBI were used to construct a phylogenetic tree based on ITS gene fragments using the maximum likelihood method(ML)to analyze the interspecies of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes in subterranean bacteria.Relationships,new species and morphological identification results of newly recorded species are all well supported.