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Succession Of Species Diversity Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Under Ammopiptanthus Monglicus

Posted on:2016-06-30Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:X Q WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2180330479478166Subject:Botany
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Ammopiptanthus is a kind of leguminosae evergreen broad-leaved shrub and widely distributed in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, with strong cold resistance, drought tolerance and sand burying tolerance and other characteristics, which is considered to be an excellent wind-breaking and sand-fixing plant of desert vegetation restoration. AM fungi is widely spread in nature can form mutualistic symbiosis with more than 80% of terrestrial plant roots and co-evolved with the host plant. As an important bridge between plant and soil material circulation, not only is AM fungi species diversity influenced by the host plants, but AM fungal community composition has a significantly relationship with soil environment. Glomus hormone secreted by AM fungi can make fine soil particles agglomerate to form larger clumps of soil, therefore, the soil desertification is improved.In order to systematically study the AM fungal species diversity, ecological adaptability,in this study four large sample plots and six small samples plots were selected in Inner Mongolia area in 2013, 2014, five Ammopiptanthus mongolicus rhizosphere soil samples were collected respectively from 0-50 cm soil layer. The AM fungal spores with centrifugation-sugar flotation were isolated and they were identified from morphological characters, subsequently scanning electron microscope were performed and then the physical and chemical properties of the soil were determined, to reveal the change of spatial heterogeneity of AM fungi community and the main influencing factors, and explored the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus AM fungi species diversity and spatial and temporal heterogeneity succession law. The main experimental results are described as follows:1. Five genus and tweenty-five species of AM fungi were isolated and identified from Inner Mongolia rhizosphere soil samples, including twelve Glomus, eight Acaulospora, three Funneliformis, one Scutellospora and one Entrophospora. Glomus and Acaulospora were the dominated genus in four sample plots. The morphological features of AM fungal spores were mainly characterized by small spores, the low degree of full and spore wall thickness, which was the adaptability to desert habitats.2. A.mongolicus AM fungal spores were observed by scanning electron microscope. The micro structures of AM fungi were subtle differences among different sample plots. The micro structure mainly through the spore size, surface ornamentation, attachments, subtending hypha morphology of AM fungi species were identified. AM fungal morphology and microstructure characteristic were combined to reveal the ecological adaptability of AM fungi in desert habitats.3. AM fungi distribution and species diversity among different plots exist temporal heterogeneity. Species richness in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2013, spore density of Dengkou was greater than that in 2013. The AM fungi species composition, spore density, species richness, species diversity index were signigicantly different. The difference in the spore density, species richness, species diversity index of sample plots aspects: Wulate≈ Alashan > Dengkou > Wuhai.4. AM fungal communities composition among different plots exist obvious spatial heterogeneity. In four plots of 2013, the communities composition of Dengkou and Alashan were most closely, the similarity coefficient was 0.87, and similarity of the communities composition of Wulate and Wuhai AM fungi community was poor, the similarity coefficient was 0.61. In six plots of 2014, the similarity coefficient of Wuhai-2 and the Dengkou-1 was1.00, indicating that the two AM fungi community plots were the same. The similarity coefficient of Dengkou-2 and Wuhai-1 two plots was minimum 0.72.5. The analysis of correlation showed that there is a significant or extremely significant correlation between A.mongolia AM fungal spore density, species richness, species diversity index and soil physicochemical factors. The spore density was significant positive correlation to total extract balloon and organic matter, was extremely significant positive correlation to extract the balloon, was a significant negative correlation to alkaline phosphatase, and alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen was significant negative correlation. Abundance of species and acid phosphatase was significant negative correlation. Simpson index and organic matter,alkali-hydro nitrogen were very significant negative correlation. Shannon wiener index and organic matter, alkali-hydro nitrogen were significant negative correlation. Thus, the AM fungi and soil factors were influenced and interacted each other.
Keywords/Search Tags:AM fungi, species diversity, temporal and spatial, heterogeneity, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, desert soils
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