Study On The Effect Of Different Exercise Interventions On Exercise Ability Of Autistic Children

Objective: This study investigated the effects of different types of exercise interventions,including gross motor exercise,sports games,and badminton,on the motor abilities of children with autism.The aim was to provide theoretical basis and reference for the selection of exercise intervention programs for children with autism.Methods:A total of 36 children with moderate and mild autism aged 7～10 were recruited as subjects divided into large muscle intervention group(12 children),sports game intervention group(12 children)and badminton intervention group(12 children).The intervention of big muscle,sports games and badminton was carried out for 12 weeks.The Autism Behavior Rating Scale(ABC),Gross Motor Development Test III(TGMD-3),child Motor Coordination Assessment Tool(M-ABC 2)and physical fitness were used before and after the intervention.Paired sample T test was used for intra-group comparison and one-way analysis of variance was used for inter-group comparison.Research:1.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,there were significant differences(P<0.01)in the total score of gross motor skills and the scores on the displacement and object control dimensions of the Test of Gross Motor Development-3rd Edition(TGMD-3)among the three groups.The gross motor intervention group showed significant improvements(P<0.01)in the scores of running,hopping,and striking a stationary ball,except for one-handed catching.The sports game intervention group showed significant improvements(P<0.01)in the scores of all indicators except for running with a horse stance,striking a stationary ball,and overhead throwing.The badminton intervention group showed significant improvements(P<0.01)in the scores of running with a horse stance,one-handed backhand,and two-handed catching.2.After a 12-week exercise intervention,the scores of the three groups in the dimensions of motor coordination,fine hand movements,hand-eye coordination,and dynamic-static balance all showed significant improvement(P < 0.01).The large muscle intervention group showed significant improvement in all indicators except for threading(P < 0.05);the sports game intervention group showed significant improvement in all indicators except for single-leg balance and threading(P<0.05);the badminton intervention group showed significant improvement in all indicators except for single-leg balance(P < 0.05);the badminton intervention group had significantly higher scores than the large muscle intervention group in the dimension of fine hand movements(P<0.01),while the large muscle intervention group had significantly higher scores than the other two groups in the dimension of hand-eye coordination(P<0.01).3.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the results of standing long jump,punching bag,sit-up,back run and balance beam walking in the big muscle intervention group,sports game intervention group and badminton intervention group were significantly improved(P < 0.05);The results of sandbag throwing and running were significantly better than those of sports game group(P < 0.05),and the results of standing jump were significantly better than those of badminton group(P < 0.05).The score of the badminton intervention group was significantly better than that of the sports game group(P < 0.01).4.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,6 dimensions and total score of large muscle intervention group were significantly decreased(P < 0.05);The scores of sensory ability,athletic ability and communicative ability were significantly decreased in the sports game intervention group(P < 0.05);The scores of communicative ability,athletic ability and language ability in the badminton intervention group were significantly decreased(P < 0.05);The score of sports ability dimension in the sports game intervention group was lower than that in the badminton intervention group(P <0.05).Research conclusion:1.12 weeks of big muscle intervention,sports game intervention and badminton intervention can improve the gross motor ability of children with autism.The large muscle intervention group had more significant improvement in displacement ability and object control ability,the sports game intervention group had more significant improvement in displacement ability,and the badminton intervention group had more significant improvement in object control ability.2.12 weeks of big muscle intervention,sports game intervention and badminton intervention can improve the motor coordination of children with autism.The fine motor ability,positioning and grasping ability and dynamic and static balance ability of the hand are improved obviously and the effect is remarkable.3.12 weeks of big muscle intervention,sports game intervention and badminton intervention can effectively improve the strength,speed and balance of children with autism.The big muscle intervention group has more significant improvement in lower limb strength and speed quality,while the badminton intervention group has more significant improvement in upper body strength.4.12 weeks of gross motor intervention,sports game intervention and badminton intervention had positive effects on improving the severity of symptoms in autistic children.