Construction Of Meteorological Stations And Modernization Of Meteorological Cause In Gansu Province During The Republic Of China

The history of modern meteorological technology in China experienced an important turning point from foreign control to independent construction during the Republic of China period.In the early years of the Republic of China,the Bei Yang government set up an independent modern meteorological observation institution modeled on the West.After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government,the Institute of Meteorology of the National Central Research Institute continued to promote the construction of national meteorological stations.The establishment of meteorological stations in Gansu Province was an important part of the construction of national meteorological stations in this period.The establishment of meteorological stations in Gansu Province is an important part of the construction of national meteorological stations in this period.In 1932,the Nationalist government assisted in promoting the popularization and development of modern meteorology and meteorological science in the mainland and western regions under the background of "developing the northwest" Gansu talents established a meteorological observatory in the provincial capital Lanzhou,ending the long-term gap in meteorological observation in Gansu Province.By 1937,Gansu had basically built a network of meteorological stations with Lanzhou as the center and covering the main climatic regions of the province.After the outbreak of the all-around war of resistance against Japan,the network needed to be reorganized and expanded in response to the war.Throughout the construction of meteorological stations and the development of meteorological undertakings in Gansu Province during the Republic of China,the political influence of the National Government on the northwest region provided a relatively stable political environment for the establishment of the meteorological cause in Gansu;the Institute of Meteorology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,headed by Zhu Kezhen,has provided instruments and technical support for the development of meteorological undertakings in Gansu;the efforts of meteorological workers represented by Zhu Yunming have provided a talent base and organizational guarantee for the operation of Gansu meteorological cause.As a microcosm of the development of modern science in Gansu,the establishment and popularization of Gansu meteorological stations in the Republic of China,on the one hand,ended the historical blank situation of modern Gansu scientific meteorological observation,it also promoted the progress of meteorological undertakings,including the accumulation of meteorological data,the popularization of meteorological science and regional meteorological research etc.and created conditions for the establishment of the Northwest Regional Meteorological Center and the modernization of meteorological science and technology in Gansu after 1949.On the other hand,due to the lack of necessary social environment for independently scientific development,the development of Gansu’s meteorological cause was always unable to get rid of the construction dilemma and negative impact caused by excessive politicization during the period of the Republic of China,its development rhythm,scale and content all reflect the limitations of the provinces in modern northwest China in developing modern science and their excessive dependence on national power.