| With the social and economic development,the goal of urban development has gradually changed from the original pursuit of maximum economic benefit to create a better urban environment,and people’s demand for the comfort of outdoor wind environment in residential areas is increasing day by day.However,most of the current design specifications and research results are mostly applied to plain cities,which are not targeted to coastal mountain cities and lack of practical guiding significance.Therefore,the main goal of this paper is to create a comfortable coastal mountain residential area,optimize the layout of residential area and promote the improvement of urban environmental quality.Using the finite element method and the basic theory of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),Wind environment simulation is carried out for coastal residential areas with visible mountains,and the effect relationship of various elements on outdoor activity space wind environment is summarized,and the corresponding optimization strategy is put forward.In this study,firstly,the meteorological data selected for CFD simulation were determined based on the climate environment and the development history of residential buildings in Qingdao.At the same time,various types of mountain residential areas in Qingdao were collected based on network resources.Mountain residential areas were classified into three types,namely surround type,parallel type and wrap type,and their characteristics were summarized.On this basis,the problems of the wind environment in the selected residential areas were found by visiting and surveying the wind environment in the mountainous areas of Qingdao.Secondly,by means of network questionnaire and on-site questionnaire,wind environmental factors that residents pay more attention to in outdoor activities are identified,and residents’ behavior patterns are observed and found.Combined with environmental behavior psychology,the main groups and places that need special attention in the design of coastal mountainous residential areas are determined.Then,CFD software was used to simulate and analyze the specific problems of wind environment in six residential areas(Linyu Mountain bank,Hisense Beiling Mountain,Zhenhai Mountain Villa,Qingdao Impression Mountain,Yongcui Huayuan and Yizhong Mountain),and optimization methods were proposed for specific problems.Based on the length,height and orientation of buildings in architectural design,the experimental simulation analysis is carried out through reasonable variable control,and the effect relationship of various elements on outdoor activity space wind environment is obtained.Furthermore,the design scope of Bangshan residential area under the condition of Qingdao winter wind environment and the formation of a good activity space wind environment is summarized: when the building height is fixed,the building length-height ratio between 1.33 and 2 is the best to block wind flow;When the building length is fixed,the effect is worst when the height-to-length ratio is between 1.33 and 1.6.The optimal building orientation is 15 degrees to the southeast.On this basis,referring to the wind environment simulation results of the selected residential areas,the residential areas with typical problems were selected for optimization.By adding architectural sketches to the layout,height,orientation and internal environment of the residential areas,the residential areas of Linyu Mountain bank,Zhenhai Villa and Yongcui Huayuan were optimized respectively.According to the simulation data of outdoor activity space wind environment of residential area after optimization design,the result of improving outdoor activity space wind environment is obvious.Finally,the key methods that should be paid attention to in the design process of coastal mountainous residential areas are summarized to provide reference for planning and design.In this study,the wind environment of three types of mountain residential areas was simulated by CFD,and the data were analyzed and the existing problems were found.In view of the above problems,a series of related optimization strategies were proposed for architectural design elements,including adjusting the building length-to-height ratio and height-to-length ratio,establishing the building orientation,adding architectural accessories to the internal environment,etc.,to achieve the purpose of creating a comfortable outdoor activity space wind environment in residential areas,and at the same time achieve the low-carbon life goal.In order to meet the needs of residents in coastal mountainous residential areas for outdoor wind environment comfort to provide scientific reference and basis,promote the construction of high-quality urban environment. |
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