Effect Of Aerobic Combination With Resistance Exercise On Masked Obesity In Female College Students

Objective:Masked obesity is a state in which the body mass index(BMI)is within the standard range but the body fat percentage(BF%)exceeds the standard.It is manifested as a normal body weight with more fat and less muscle.Female college students are the population with a higher incidence rate.And the stage of college is a better intervention period for the formation of living habits and changes in behavior patterns.The effect of masked obesity being detected and given correct guidance in this period may be twice the result with half the effort.Therefore,this study focused on the population of female college students with masked obesity,developed a set of aerobic and resistance exercise intervention programs suitable for this population and verified the intervention effect,in order to provide a reasonable basis and practical methods for the exercise and fitness guidance of this group.Research methods:76 female college students with masked obesity(BMI≤24.0kg/m2 and BF%≥30%)who voluntarily participated in this intervention experiment were recruited and screened.Arranged according to body fat percentage(BF%)from small to large,they are randomly divided into comprehensive intervention group and health education group(38 people in each group)for 8 weeks of intervention.The two groups were both provided with health education.In addition,the comprehensive intervention group received 3days 30-40min aerobic exercises and 4days systemic resistance exercises of about 1h per week under supervision.Before(,during)and after the intervention,measure the subject’s body weight and BMI,fat content indicators(whole body fat mass,body fat percentage),body circumference(waist circumference,hip circumference,thigh circumference,upper arm tight circumference,upper arm relaxed circumference)and skinfold thickness(upper arm,shoulder,abdominal skinfold),strength quality(body muscle mass,segmental muscle mass,grip strength,back strength)indicators.And through the two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance,the differences of the indicators in the comprehensive intervention group and the health education group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of intervention were analyzed and discussed.Results:(1)After 4 weeks of intervention,the comprehensive intervention group was compared with the health education group:the thickness of the shoulder and abdominal skinfold of the comprehensive intervention group was significantly lower than that of the health education group,and the grip strength was significantly higher than that of the health education group(P<0.05).(2)After 8 weeks of intervention,the comprehensive intervention group was compared with the health education group:there was no difference in body weight and BMI between the two groups;the total body fat mass,body fat percentage,waist and thigh circumference,and thickness of three skinfolds in the comprehensive intervention group were significantly lower than those in the health education group(P<0.05),while the tightness of upper arm,total muscle mass,left and right upper limb muscle mass,trunk muscle mass,grip strength,and back strength were significantly higher than those in the health education group(P<0.05).(3)After the whole intervention process,44.74%and 10.5%of the subjects in the comprehensive intervention group and the health education group returned to normal from masked obesity.The changes in the test indicators of the comprehensive intervention group were as follows:Body weight and BMI were not significantly different before and after the intervention;Body fat mass and body fat percentage were significantly reduced by 1.834kg and 3.279%(P<0.01);Waist circumference,hip circumference,thigh circumference and skinfold thickness of upper arm,shoulder and abdomen were all significantly reduced(P<0.01).Waist,hip,and thigh circumferences were reduced by 2.975cm,2.195cm,and 3.308cm,the skinfold thickness decreased by 4.921mm,5.184mm,4.908 mm in the order of the above positions.The tightness of the upper arm circumference is the difference between the upper arm tight circumference and the upper arm relaxed circumference,and the increase is statistically significant(1.0±0.3cm VS 1.6±0.4cm,P<0.01).All above body circumference and skinfold thickness indicators all increased and decreased significantly within 4 weeks of intervention;The muscle mass of the whole body and each segment increased significantly(P<0.01).The muscle mass of the whole body increased from 36.3±3.9kg to 38.4±3.9kg.Each segment increased by 0.179kg,0.314kg,0.177kg,0.339kg,and 0.892kg in the order of upper left,lower left,upper right,lower right and trunk;Grip strength and back strength also increased significantly in the middle of the intervention.Back strength was significantly improved(grip strength:22.4±2.8kg VS 26.0±2.6kg;back strength:48±10.1kg VS 67.0±10.3kg;P<0.01).The changes in the test indicators of the health education group are as follows:Body weight and BMI before and after the intervention are not significantly different;Body fat percentage is significantly reduced by 0.437%(P<0.01);Waist circumference and thigh circumference are significantly reduced by 0.475cm and 0.295cm,only the thigh circumference was significantly reduced in the middle of the intervention(P<0.01).The thickness of the three skinfolds also decreased significantly,which were 1.211mm,0.474mm,and 1.118mm;Among the strength qualities,only the grip strength and back strength increased significantly,which were 0.918kg,3.316kg,and only the grip strength increased significantly in the middle of the intervention(P<0.01),which was related to muscle mass.There is no significant change in the indicators.Conclusion:(1)The 8-week program of 3 times a week of 30-40min aerobic exercise combined with 4 times of 1h systemic resistance exercise intervention can effectively reduce the relative and absolute amount of body fat,the fat of waist,abdomen,thighs of female college students with masked obesity,increase the muscle content of the whole body,upper limbs,trunk and other parts,and strengthen the quality of strength.It has a positive effect on muscle gain and fat loss,and changing body composition.In addition,body circumference,skinfold thickness and muscle strength were more sensitive to intervention.The improvements of them were shown after 4 weeks of intervention.(2)A separate 8-week health education for female college students with masked obesity can also reduce their relative fat and local fat content,increase muscle strength.But it is not as effective as exercise+health education intervention.