Research On The Employment Effect Of Artificial Intelligence Development And Its Realization Mechanism

In order to make the domestic economic cycle develop and maintain employment stability,the country proposes that domestic and international dual cycles jointly promote a new pattern of economic development,and declares technological innovation as a major development strategy.Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence,big data and cloud computing have led the fourth industrial Revolution to rise vigorously,in which artificial intelligence technology has become the core engine.The development of artificial intelligence has provided new opportunities and challenges for human economic development,and labor employment has been seriously affected.Timely attention to the degree and direction of the impact of artificial intelligence development on the overall and different regions of labor employment can help make rational expectations and judgments,and then promote the government to adjust the coping strategies,so as to promote the smooth and smooth transformation of China's labor market.This article defines the concept of artificial intelligence,combs the literature on the factors affecting labor employment,combs the literature on the development of artificial intelligence,the advancement of industrial structure,and the total factor productivity and labor employment,and theoretically explains the employment effect of artificial intelligence.Transmission mechanism,Then,using the panel data of cities at prefecture level and above in China from2007-2018,measure the development level of artificial intelligence in each city,Empirically test the employment effect of artificial intelligence development,The impact of artificial intelligence on employment in different regions and different industries.The proxy variables related to the advanced industrial structure and total factor productivity are selected to empirically analyze the main mechanism of artificial intelligence development affecting labor employment.The research found in this article: First,at present,the impact of artificial intelligence development on labor employment,on the whole,the creation effect is greater than the substitution effect,that is to say,it promotes labor employment.Second,in the development of artificial intelligence,the advancement of the industrial structure will strengthen the positive promotion of artificial intelligence development on employment,but due to the transmission time lag,its release effect is a long-term accumulation process;In the short term,total factor productivity will inhibit the development of artificial intelligence in promoting labor employment.In the long run,the increase in total factor productivity will also enhance the role of artificial intelligence development in promoting labor employment.Third,there is regional heterogeneity in the employment effect of artificial intelligence development.The development of artificial intelligence promotes the employment of labor in the eastern region,but the promotion effect is not obvious;the development of artificial intelligence promotes the employment of labor in the central region significantly and positively;the development of artificial intelligence does not significantly promote the employment of labor in the western region.Fourth,there are also differences in the employment effects of the development of intelligence on the three major industries.In the primary industry,there is an employment substitution effect.But the employment substitution effect is not obvious;The secondary industry presents a significant employment substitution effect;In the tertiary industry,there is an employment creation effect.Based on the research conclusions,this article puts forward policy recommendations such as optimizing the higher education system,strengthening vocational technical training compatible with artificial intelligence,strengthening the construction of employment public services,and optimizing the industrial structure.