Research On Key Technologies Of Node Energy Equalization In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks have been widely used with the development of oilfield digitization,the initial energy carried by sensors is limited due to cost control,so reducing network energy consumption becomes the core problem in this field.Although the research on reducing network energy consumption has made a great breakthrough,there are still problems of unbalanced network energy consumption and high node energy consumption.Therefore,this paper carries out research on key technologies of node energy balance in wireless sensor networks,and solves problems by reducing energy consumption at the network layer and node layer.It analyzes the influencing factors of network energy consumption and concludes that the routing protocol is the key factor affecting the imbalance of network energy consumption.It is found that LEACH protocol can select cluster heads in a random way,which leads to the unreasonable distribution of cluster heads,resulting in the imbalance of network energy consumption.In the node energy consumption,data sending and receiving can consume the most energy.Therefore,this paper determines two aspects of the research content,firstly,it designs a more reasonable routing protocol to further balance network energy consumption;secondly,it improves the reliability of data transmission to reduce the frequency of data transmission and the energy consumption of nodes.Aiming at the problems of LEACH protocol,it proposes a Cuckoo search-grow(CS-G)energy optimization method.It introduces two parameters,average residual energy and residual energy dispersion,then selects cluster head nodes by levy-flight random walk to solve the problem of unreasonable clustering.According to the remaining energy of nodes in the network and the distance between adjacent hop number nodes,it calculates the optimal relay node in the region,establishes the optimal transmission path,and realizes effective data transmission.Finally,compared with LEACH,LEACH-E and QACO-LEACH the simulation results show that it has optimal algorithm under this node survival time,residual average energy and total number of obtained packets,which can balance the network energy consumption and prolong the network life cycle.In the practical application process of wireless sensor network,the error code will appear in data transmission due to the existence of random noise in the environment,which increases the number of data retransmission and leads to the increase of energy consumption of sensor nodes.In order to solve this problem,this paper adopts the method of feature information recognition based on short-time Fourier transform.Firstly,it uses the autocorrelation characteristic of pseudo random sequence to encode the signal and suppress the noise interference.Secondly,it uses short-time Fourier transform to process the received signal by window segmentation.In the background of noise,it accurately identifies the start time of modulation signal,realizes synchronous detection,improves the reliability of data transmission,and reduces the energy consumption of sensor nodes.Field test results show that it has good anti-interference performance,which can reduce the frequency of data transmission and prolong the effective communication distance under the same power consumption.