Research On Joseph Heco Kaigai Shimbun And The Origin Of Japanese Journalism Industry

After Perry Expedition,Tokugawa Shogunate forced by the situation at home and abroad to innovate.In order to obtain more overseas news,they set up a government-run translation agency as Bansho Shirabesho in 1856.Tokugawa Shogunate ordered the "Foreign Book Institute" to collect overseas information and selectively translate it into Japanese,and to publish the official Batavia News.But it is hardly a Japanese newspaper.It is dominated by the translations of the Official translation agency,The Shogunate,for a small number of upper-level officials.In addition to the official channels,there were also private channels in the early days of Japanese journalism industry.The private channels were mainly foreign language newspapers founded by foreigners in Japan,which were aimed at Japanese expatriates.In the early 1850 s,13-year-old Heco went to sea with his stepfather and was shipwrecked in the Pacific Ocean.He was rescued by an American ship and came to San Francisco.He saw the advanced industrial civilization,and became a naturalized American.After growing up,Heco became active in the diplomatic,economic and trade fields of the United States and Japan.Shaken by President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address,Hamada had the idea of newspaper.In 1864,Heco established the woodblock printing of Kaigai Shimbun.This is the first Japanese newspaper for the common people in Japan.It not only carries a lot of political,social and economic information of European and American countries,but also is very commercial and advertising.Heco introduced the idea of western newspapers to The Japanese people,who were under the Shogunate of Edo,to understand the seismic changes taking place beyond the islands.This study to analyze the The narrative of a Japanese and part of Kaigai Shimbun photocopy version for text analysis,combining the theory of translation,the purpose was to establish Heco as The father of Japanese Journalism.To fill the gap in domestic research on Heco,and sum up the role of journalism in Becoming Civilized.