Research On Clustering Algorithm In Three-Dimensional Optical Wireless Sensor Network

The Optical Wireless Sensor Network(OWSN) is built on the widely used Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) and the flourishing development of Optical Wireless Communication(OWC) technology.OWSN has absorbed the advantages of OWC,such as high-speed,large capacity and high-security,and also inherits the characteristics of WSN such as low cost,distributed and self-organization,which makes it develop rapidly.At present,more and more researchers have focused on the study of Optical Wireless Sensor Network.Similar to WSN,the nodes of WSN have the limited performance of network lifetime and data transmission due to the limited energy,weak data processing capabilities and small storage space.Therefore,how to effectively use energy and maximize network lifetime is an important research direction.The researches on the network clustering algorithms are undoubtedly the focus of this direction.As a classic clustering algorithm protocol in WSN,Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH) protocol can effectively reduce the energy consumption of WSNs.However,the protocol still has some shortcomings,such as the randomness of the cluster head election,neglected node energy factors and unconsidered distribution of nodes.Aiming at the above problems,refering to the omnidirectional optical smart antenna technology as physical basis,and based on the proposed node energy consumption model of OWSN and the related technical research of WSN,the OWSN clustering algorithm in threedimensional environment is lucubrated.According to the relevant theories of LEACH protocol,we propose a three-dimensional clustering algorithm(TDCA)and a threedimensional multi-hop clustering algorithm(TDMCA)in the OWSN.For the study of TDCA algorithm,the algorithm's network model and node energy consumption model are first discussed.In this basis,we calculate the optimal number of cluster heads and cluster structure radius.Then we improve the cluster head election threshold formula.Finally,the stages of cluster establishment and data transmission are described.For the study of TDMCA algorithm,a multi-hop structure network model is also set up.The node energy consumption model established earlier is used to calculate the optimal number of cluster heads and the cluster structure radius of the algorithm.The multi-hop data transmission of cluster heads is discussed.Then we improve the cluster head election threshold formula.Finally,the cluster establishment and data transmission phases are described in detail.Based on the above theoretical research,we use MATLAB to analyze the two clustering algorithm of OWSN in three-dimensional environment.Compared with LEACH protocol,simulation results show that the two clustering algorithms perform better in terms of network node energy consumption,node survival time and total data packets received by the network.