Research On The Age-appropriate Design Of Outdoor Public Spaces In Elderly Care Communities Based On Emotional Needs

Affected by the economic development and the information society,the traditional family structure has begun to change,causing more elderly people to choose the social elderly care instead of home-based elderly care,and most of the elderly people choose the retirement community as their first choice.At present,most of the outdoor public spaces in retirement communities are not reasonably designed,which can only support the elderly people for their basic life without deep consideration of their instincts,behaviors and emotions.In order to solve this problem,this thesis conducts a study on the aged-oriented design of outdoor public space of retirement community based on the emotional demand,mainly including the following contents:First,the status of domestic and international studies on the elderly-oriented retirement community is elaborated,and then the overview of the research object and content is completed for the topic,coming up with the method to carry out elderly-oriented design of the retirement community,that is,“literature research-questionnaire survey-field research-case analysis-case studies”,at the same time,the framework of this article is also given.Second,according to the number and attributes of outdoor activities for the elderly,the outdoor spaces of retirement community is classified in order to serve the elderly-oriented design of the environment as basis for the research follows.According to the number of participants,the public space can be classified as individual activity area,team activity area,and group activity area.According to the attributes of its supporting activities,the public space can be divided into semi-private area,semi-public area and public activities based area.Third,based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory,this thesis analyzes the elderly people's emotional demands from levels of instinct,behavior and reflection,and summarizes the elderly people's main emotional demands.In addition,based on the above analysis,the investigation and questionnaire is conducted to investigate and research the requirements of the elderly people in some typical retirement communities in Nanjing city for the community public space,as a result,it concludes the current problems of the retirement community public space and elderly people's actual needs for the public space,and summarizes the main points of designing of the retirement community based on emotional demands.After that,the concept and principles of the elderly-oriented design of the retirement community is put forward,and based on the three emotional design levels of instinct,behavior and reflection proposed by Professor Donald Norman,the countermeasure for the elderly-oriented design of retirement community public space is put forward with the aim at“function-theme-landscape elements”.From the perspective of instinctive needs,the elderly-oriented function area is planned to meet the elderly people's personal emotional sustenance.From the perspective of action needs,the elderly-oriented themed space is set up to meet the elderly people's social emotional needs.From the perspective of rethinking needs,the refined design for the elderly landscape elements are made to meet the elderly people's aesthetic demand.Finally,for the existing problems of outdoor public space of elderly apartments in Jiangsu Province,the thesis conducts a renovation design for the elements of the overall layout,main functions and landscape elements in the functional areas.The renovation design combines the emotional needs of the elderly people and elderly-oriented principle to form the content system for the outdoor public space renovation design of the elderly apartments in Jiangsu Province.In addition,it applies the Hierarchy of Needs Theory to the planning and design of outdoor activity spaces in order to verify the feasibility of their application.