Research On Species Diversity Of Xiaobei Lake National Nature Reserve In Heilongjiang

The destruction of the natural environment by human economic development has led to a substantial decline in the diversity of animals and plants.The research on plant diversity in protected areas can provide a data theoretical basis for environmental restoration.In this research on the Heilongjiang Xiaobei Lake National Nature Reserve,on the basis of inquiring historical documents,the reserve was investigated,54 standard sample plots were divided,and plant samples within the sample plot range were collected.The samples were identified,and the flora composition characteristics of Xiaobei Lake National Nature Reserve were explored.At the same time,a simple community division was carried out for the plot according to the different construction species of the plot.The?-diversity and ?-diversity of the herb layer,shrub layer and tree layer of each community were calculated.Finally,the protection status of endangered plants in the protected area was quantitatively calculated using the evaluation method of the protected area.The specific results are as follows:1.After investigation,the plant species richness in Xiaobei Lake National Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang is relatively high.A total of 116 species of plants were found in this survey,belonging to 48 families and 82 genera.2.Through the flora analysis of the seed plants in the Xiaobei Lake Nature Reserve,it is concluded that the plant geographical flora in the Xiaobei Lake area is relatively complex.Because the Xiaobei Lake area is located in the eastern part of the Eurasian continent,the climate is temperate monsoon climate.It dominates the flora types in Xiaobeihu area.In addition to a large number of widely distributed species in the world,the flora in the reserve also has a large number of temperate components.In addition,there are certain components of Mongolian flora and North China flora.3.The Shannon-winer index in the ?-diversity was calculated,from the grassland community to the weedy forest community,showing a significant increasing trend.The variation trend of species evenness among the communities was considered to be acceptable,and the species evenness of the oak forest community was the lowest.And with the difference of the community,the richness index of each community increased continuously from the grassland community to the weed forest community.In ?-diversity,the similarity between grassland community and each community was low,and the similarity index gradually decreased with the difference of plant community.In addition,in this calculation of ?-diversity,the similarity between the herb layers of the Korean pine forest and the larch forest is relatively high.4.By comparing the list of endangered species and plants released by Jilin Province,Liaoning Province and relevant state departments,this investigation on the Xiaobei Lake Nature Reserve collected a total of 7 species of national second-level protected plants,and Jilin Province protected third-level protection.4 species of plants and 1 species of tertiary protected plants in Liaoning Province.At the same time,the protection evaluation index of wild plant species and the protection value index of rare and endangered wild plant species in Heilongjiang Xiaobei Lake National Nature Reserve are 35 and 39 respectively.The calculation results also show that the protection value in the Xiaobei Lake Nature Reserve is high and needs to be further strengthened.