Research On The Sports Policy For The Industry In China From The Perspective Of Policy Tools

At the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the development of sports industry was relatively slow,and lack of policy support was one of the main reasons.Since the Economic Reform and open up,under the strong promotion of policies,the role and position of sports industry in the national economy has become more and more important.In2014,the State Council issued 《Several Opinions on Speeding up the Development of Sports Industry and Promoting Sports Consumption》,thus,the development of sports industry has entered a new era.Since the promulgation of the 《opinions》,The number of sports industry policies in China is increasing rapidly,and it is also developing towards high quality and high growth rate.Therefore,this study will take 2014 as a starting point to make a quantitative analysis of the text of China’s sports industry policy,aiming to explore the characteristics and problems of the current policy text,and put forward reasonable suggestions.Firstly,this paper sorts out the evolution process of China’s sports industry policy,which mainly includes four stages: preparation period(1978-1992),exploration period(1993-2000),rapid development period(2001-2013)and comprehensive development period(2014-now).Then,starting from the analysis model of policy tools,this paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis model:policy tool dimension-policy direction dimension-policy subject dimension,and makes a quantitative analysis of 33 sports industry policies since2014.The results are as follows:The utilization rate of supply-based policy tools is 36.34%.Among the internal factors,sports talent cultivation was the most used,accounting for24.80%.The utilization rate of demand-based tools is 8.45%.Among the internal factors,the use of trade control and government procurement tools was relatively small,accounting for10% and 16.66% of the utilization rate of demand-based tools,respectively.The utilization rate of environmental-based tools is 55.21%,and strategic tools are the main internal factors,accounting for 59.18%.In the dimension of policy orientation,sports fitness and leisure activities(20.28%)and sports competition performance activities(16.33%)had the strongest directivity;In terms of policy subjects,the utilization rate was the government(64.81%),enterprises(16.05%),social organizations(9.85%)and individuals(9.29%).Based on the results of quantitative analysis,this paper draws the following conclusions :(1)the overall use of supply-based policy tools is balanced,and the internal proportion needs to be further optimized;(2)The overall "absence" of demand-based tools,and the internal proportion is unreasonable;(3)The use of environmental-based policy tools is "overspent",and the internal proportion is obviously unbalanced;(4)The policy direction of policy is clear,but the policy subject is obviously out of balance.Then this paper puts forward the following suggestions :(1)optimize the internal use of supply-based policy tools and reasonably allocate supply factors;(2)Make up for the use of demand-based policy tools and appropriately increase the use of internal trade control and government procurement;(3)Reduce the use of environmental-based policy tools,reduce the use of strategic measures,pay attention to the protection of intellectual property rights and improve financial support;(4)Coordinating the policy direction comprehensively to promote the all-round development of sports industry;We should pay more attention to social organizations and individuals,and promote the diversification and balance of policy subjects.