| As the "root" and "soul" of an ethnic group,culture is integrated into the life of each ethnic group,making each ethnic group have its own characteristics.Ethnic minority sports are formed and developed under the nourishment of this culture,which is not only consistent with the concept and connotation of Chinese traditional culture,but also has the unique temperament of ethnic minority traditional culture.At present,the traditional sports of ethnic minorities have been developed unprecedentedly,and attracted the attention,discussion and research of many scholars.However,in the research field of traditional ethnic minority sports,many scholars and experts are more inclined to study the traditional culture,folk customs and economic development of ethnic minorities,and few scholars explore the historical changes of traditional ethnic minority sports policies.Therefore,the process,motivation and logic of the historical changes of traditional ethnic minority sports policies since the founding of New China are explored.It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to quantitatively analyze the situation and influencing factors of the choice and use of policy tools.The most significant feature of the historical change of the traditional sports policy of ethnic minorities is "change",and when,how and how much are the core content of this paper.Based on the above issues and from the perspective of policy tools,this paper uses literature,questionnaire,expert interview,content analysis,mathematical statistics and other research methods to systematically comb through and select 52 ethnic minority traditional sports policy texts from 1949 to 2021.This paper focuses on the text overview,changing course and characteristics of the ethnic minority traditional sports policy,and explores the situation and influencing factors of the choice and use of the ethnic minority traditional sports policy tools,and puts forward relevant suggestions.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:1.The coverage of the issuing body and effectiveness gradient of the traditional ethnic minority sports policy is increasingly extensive.From 1949 to 2021,the policy of traditional sports for ethnic minorities of our country has experienced four periods:bud stage,foundation stage,promotion stage and maturity stage.The content,objectives and implementation means of traditional sports policy for ethnic minorities are different in different periods and different stages.It shows that the policy content is gradually rich,the policy target is gradually specific,the implementation means is gradually diverse,and the policy subject is gradually turning to multiple.Among them,the main body of the traditional sports policy of ethnic minorities in our country has shifted from high level to low level,and multi-departments have joined forces gradually,and the coverage gradient of policy effectiveness is gradually complete and orderly.2.There is still room for adjustment in the choice and use of traditional sports policy tools for ethnic minorities.In the historical transition of traditional sports policy for ethnic minorities,the use of policy tool selection presents a polarization pattern of "main line" and "last stream".Compared with the marginal choice of demand policy tool,the choice of environmental policy tool and supply policy tool occupy a dominant position.Among them,the proportion of choice and use of environmental policy tools showed a steady upward trend,and gradually preferred to choose strategic measures,goal planning,legal management and other elements to create a supportive environment for ethnic minority traditional sports.The proportion of the choice and use of supply-oriented policy tools showed a slow upward trend,and gradually tended to choose talents cultivation,education and training,information services and other factors to provide direct impetus for ethnic minority traditional sports,while the guiding role of capital investment and scientific and technological support was gradually weakened.The choice of demand-based policy tools has gradually received attention,but the horizontal comparison is still weak,which is highlighted by the blank choice of trade control and the few choice of sports procurement.3.The synergistic effect of the policy theme development of ethnic minority traditional sports is emerging.The different thematic dimensions of Chinese traditional minority sports policies have cross-effects with the three categories of policy tools.The policy environment of traditional minority sports has changed from closed to open,the policymaking body has changed from one yuan to multiple,the policy change has changed from exploratory to trial and error and towards innovation,and the balanced and coordinated development of different thematic dimensions has gradually realized.Among them,the level of mining,sorting and protection of ethnic traditional sports,as well as the level of ethnic traditional sports promotion initially reflect the policy synergy effect of focusing on quality improvement and taking into account quantity expansion.The ethnic traditional sports science and technology level,the ethnic traditional sports industry development level,the ethnic traditional sports external communication level initially showed the policy synergy effect of focusing on promoting development,taking into account the protection of rights.4.The policy increment space and policy potential of minority traditional sports need to be further explored.The factors influencing the choice and use of traditional sports policy tool of Chinese minorities are successively human factor,knowledge factor,material factor,financial factor,time and space factor and regional factor,etc. |
