Research And Practice Of Primary School Scratch Course Teaching Based On Design-based Learning

Scratch programming language is widely used in primary and middle school information technology education in China because of its intuitive,simple and easy-to-operate features.In practice,some teachers still adopt traditional teaching methods and teaching models,which cannot meet the needs of students’ innovation ability cultivation in the information society.In this context,this study explores and researches the Scratch teaching model.In recent years,design learning has gradually emerged in China.It is a teaching model that uses "design" thinking to acquire knowledge and skills and cultivate creativity in the process of solving practical problems.This paper focuses on how to apply the design-based learning model to primary school Scratch teaching to cultivate students’ innovative ability.First,it constructs the Scratch teaching model based on the design-based primary school and then applies it to test the teaching effect in the specific teaching practice.The main research contents include the following three aspects.Firstly,read and analyzed a large number of relevant literature,sorted out the academic theories related to Scratch at home and abroad,summarized the research results,and analyze and research the current status of Scratch research and the concept of Scratch courses as a whole.And understand the current teaching status and existing problems by interviewing information technology teachers.Analyze the current status of design-learning research at home and abroad,define the connotation and operation model of design-learning,and find the appropriate points of design-learning and Scratch courses from the aspects of teaching philosophy and ability demands.Secondly,analyze and summarize the characteristics of primary school students ’cognitive development,and at the same time understand and analyze the students’ Scratch learning needs in the form of a questionnaire survey.Based on the " Backward Thinking" learning process model of Doreen Nelson and " A circular model of scientific inquiry based on design" of Kolodner,the author designed and constructed the Scratch teaching model of primary school based on design learning with the core of cultivating students’ innovation ability.Thirdly,according to the characteristics of Scratch curriculum and students’ cognitive development,the Students of grade four were selected as research objects,and the community class “Scratch interesting programming” in a primary school in C city was taken as an example for teaching practice.Data were collected using questionnaires,activity logs,and interviews.The differences in students ’innovation abilities and learning interests before and after practice were compared,combined with students’ satisfaction interviews with teaching to verify the teaching effect of the Scratch teaching model based on design learning.To sum up,this study has constructed an elementary school Scratch teaching model based on design-based learning,and has verified in teaching practice that this model can effectively enhance students’ interest in learning programming,contribute to the cultivation of students’ innovative ability,and provide some experience for primary school information technology teachers to conduct Scratch teaching.