Employment Effects Of China’s Value-added Exports From A Global Value Chain Perspective

In the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed: "Improve the quality of employment and the level of people’s income.Employment is the greatest livelihood of the people.We must adhere to the employment priority strategy and active employment policies to achieve higher quality and full employment.Skills training,focusing on solving structural employment contradictions,and encouraging entrepreneurship to drive employment." Employment issues are closely related to our lives,and the factors affecting employment are topics we focus on.On the other hand,in recent years,Sino-US trade frictions have intensified,and Trump repeatedly imposed tariffs on Chinese products,which has had a huge impact on the Chinese economy.In this context,this article uses value-added exports to measure Sino-US trade relations.I want to explore the impact of China’s value-added exports on employment and the specifics of US trade sanctions on Chinese employment in the context of the current Sino-US trade dispute.influences.Scholars at home and abroad have obtained a large number of research results on value-added exports and employment.However,most scholars in the field of value-added have stayed on the measurement of China’s value-added exports and the calculation and interpretation of other indicators based on value-added exports.Few scholars have combined value-added exports and employment to consider their relationship.The research in this article provides corresponding research space.This article uses WIOT data and uses MATLAB to decompose it to get the value-added data and employment data we need.And use quantitative methods to study the relationship between them.The results show that: First,value-added exports have a significant promotion effect on China ’s employment.At the same time,we have found that China ’s value-added exports to the United States also have a significant promotion effect on China ’s employment.This promotion effect is comparable to China ’s other surpluses in the world.The export promotion effect of the country on China’s employment is not great,but the impact of Sino-US trade conflict on China’s value chain employment should still not be ignored.Second,in further analysis of the impact of China’s value-added exports on China’s employment structure of different skilled labor,we find that China’s value-added exports can improve China’s employment structure.Empirical evidence shows that China’s value-added export has a significant promotion effect on employment of high-skilled labor,medium-skilled labor and low-skill labor,but value-added export has the strongest promotion effect on China’s employment of high-skilled workers.,But did not open the gap with middle-skilled workers,and the effect of pulling employment for low-skilled workers was the weakest.Obviously,value-added exports can improve China’s labor force structure and promote the employment of more high-skilled workers and middle-skilled workers.As a result,China’s employment structure has become more and more high-skilled and the proportion of low-skilled labor has declined Triangular structure.Third,we find that after dividing the industry into primary industries,manufacturing and services,both for highly skilled workers.Medium-skilled workers are still low-skilled workers.The value-added export-exporting employment-pull effect of manufacturing is always the strongest.Fourth,in terms of the impact of value appreciation on China’s employment,we find that the direct value-added exports have an overwhelming effect on employment in direct value-added exports and indirect value-added exports.At the same time,it was found that the employment driven by intermediate products was significantly more than the employment driven by final products in the export content.This is obviously because today’s vertical specialization is getting higher and higher.The employment-pull effect is stronger than that of the final product.In addition,we also find that indirect export-oriented employment in China is significantly stronger than direct-export-driven employment.This is also in line with current facts.Importing countries process intermediates after importing intermediates and export them to third-party countries The trade model is universal,and this indirect export-driven employment will obviously also account for the vast majority.