The Status Of China's Manufacturing Global Value Chain And Its Impact On Employment

With the deepening of economic globalization,the production mode has gradually changed from a country's manufacturing to global production,the production process has been divided,the intermediate goods trade has developed rapidly,and the participating countries have been distributed in all aspects of product value appreciation,forming a"global value chain".".In the context of the global value chain division of labor,there is a difference in the proportion of production of labor and capital in all aspects of production,which leads to differences in the demand structure of labor and capital elements.With the improvement of technology level,the expansion of capital scale,and the improvement of labor quality,China's factor endowment structure has undergone substantial changes,and the status of China's manufacturing industry in the global value chain has also changed.Therefore,what is the change in the status of China's manufacturing global value chain?Has the status changed relative to other countries?Does it have an impact on the level of employment?Be the main research issue of this article.Based on this,this paper specifically studies from the following aspects:First,the global value chain measurement framework has been sorted out and improved.Secondly,the UIBE GVC Index database is used to participate in the global value chain participation of 18 manufacturing industries and 43 national manufacturing industries in China from 2000 to 2014.A comprehensive measure of the total length of the value chain and the status of the global value chain.Then,the panel regression of China's manufacturing industry segment from 2003 to 2014 is conducted to explore the impact of global value chain status changes on the total labor force and the relative demand of labor.The study found that:First,the existing global value chain status indicators are not comprehensive enough to improve the global value chain status indicators and build comprehensive measurement indicators.Second,China's manufacturing industry mainly integrates participation methods into the global value chain.The total length of the chain is significantly higher than that of other countries and shows an upward trend.In 2001-2008,China's manufacturing industry has a low global value chain status index,which is in the middle and rear position in 43 countries,but began to rise to the upper end of the value chain after 2008.By 2014,China's global value chain status has risen to the upper-middle level.Third,the promotion of global value chain status will not drive the growth of China's manufacturing labor force,but will increase the relative demand for highly skilled labor,and will be divided into industries.It is seen that the increase in the status of the global value chain will increase the relative demand for highly skilled labor in the high-tech industry,but will reduce the demand for high-skilled labor in the low-and medium-tech industries.