| Since changes in industrial structure and changes in employment structure have always been closely linked,every large-scale upgrading of industrial structure will cause drastic changes in employment structure.In the contemporary era,the intelligent revolution is in the ascendant.Both the Party and the government attach great importance to this technological revolution and have successively issued a number of related policy documents to protect and support the development of intelligent technology.The government hopes to complete the optimization and upgrading of China’s industrial structure with the help of intelligent development to realize the high-quality development of China’s economy.However,the development of intelligent technology will inevitably bring a series of problems to the job market.Generally speaking,the upgrading of industrial structure will cause the problem of structural unemployment.Although its destructive effect and creative effect coexist,the employment structure will lag behind the industrial structure in the short term.Under the background of intelligence,the characteristics of intelligent technology make the changes of industrial structure different from the impact of previous scientific and technological revolutions on employment structure.Therefore,the impact of intelligent technology on employment will present new features.For example,much mental work will be replaced by intelligent technology,and problems such as polarization of employment structure and reduction of employment scale may interweave.In order to solve this problem,starting with the characteristics of intelligent technology,this thesis studies the interactive relationship between industrial structure upgrading and employment under the background of intelligence,explores the new employment characteristics of industrial structure upgrading under the background of intelligence,and draws corresponding conclusions based on econometric models.In addition,this thesis also attempts to find theoretical and practical basis for government administration.Under the guidance of relevant economic theories and in combination with the new situation in the era of intelligence,this thesis constructs a theoretical analysis framework to study the new characteristics of employment under the background of intelligence and the long-term interaction between industrial structure and employment.Based on the analysis of the influence of intelligence on industrial structure,this thesis holds that the development of intelligence technology is conducive to the rapid promotion of industrial structure.The impact of intelligent technology on the rationalization of industrial structure can be divided into short-term effect and long-term effect.Starting from the short-term effect,the rapid and highly-developed industrial structure caused by intelligent technology in the short term has broken the original industrial structure and thus affected employment.As the employment structure cannot adapt to the rapidly changing industrial structure in the short term,the number of short-term unemployment increases.And compared with the unemployment caused by the traditional technological progress,the unemployment phenomenon of those with high skills has become more common.Therefore,in the short term,the development of intelligent technology is not conducive to the rationalization or benign interaction between industrial structure and employment structure.However,taking the long-term effect as a starting point,intelligent technology can form a benign interaction with the industrial structure,and further promote the increase of employment volume and changes in the employment structure,forming a benign interaction between the industrial structure and the employment structure at a new level,and realizing the rationalization of the industrial structure and the employment structure.The development of intelligence is divided into three phases in this thesis: the introduction phase,the expansion phase and the platform phase.After research,this thesis believes that China is now in the lead-in period of intelligence,and intelligence has begun to guide the transformation of industrial structure and its impact on employment is beginning to show signs.On the basis of descriptive analysis of the current situation of intelligence in China,this thesis uses panel data from 30 provinces and cities to build a econometric model,and confirms the theoretical analysis of this thesis.In the introduction period,intelligent technology will have a negative impact on employment,namely polarization of employment structure and reduction of employment scale.As a system arrangement,employment is the goal of macro-control in market economy countries.Especially for China,which has a large population and relatively abundant labor resources,employment has always been a matter of great concern and concern to the government.The role of the government is how to reduce the strong shock or damage to industry and employment caused by intellectualization in the process of industrial structure change and employment structure change,and shortens the time to realize the benign interaction between industry and employment.Therefore,based on the above research and combined with the theory of government function,this thesis proposes how the government can take different countermeasures to realize the benign interaction between industrial structure upgrading and employment according to the different impacts of different stages of intelligent development on industrial structure and thus on employment structure.This article holds that because the market cannot quickly balance the relationship between the high level and rationalization of industrial structure,and the employment problems caused by it.Therefore,the government should assess the situation and adopt different policy orientations in different stages of intelligence.First of all,the government is supporting new industries during the transition period from the introduction period of intelligence to the expansion period.While minimizing the friction of industrial transformation,the government should focus on supporting the development of intelligent industries that can absorb a large number of labor.Second,the government should pay more attention to the rationalization of the industrial structure during the transition from an intelligent expansion period to a plateau period.With the protection of labor and employment as the core of the policy,the government can rely on the intelligent technology itself to serve the employment mismatch caused by it,that is,to use the government’s own advantages and combine the application of big data to guide the matching of enterprise labor demand and labor supply;In addition,the government should also guide financial and other matching capital to match with intelligent industries to accelerate the formation of an intelligent industrial network and provide suitable jobs for high,middle and low-end labor force.While protecting the development of intelligence,the government should take the people’s livelihood as the orientation and pay more attention to the rationalization of industrial structure so as to let it pass this stage smoothly.The main line of this thesis is the development stage of intelligence.From the perspective of the upgrading of industrial structure and rationalization,this thesis studies the relationship between intelligent development and employment,and makes a more in-depth study on the new change trend of employment in the era of intelligence.This research complements and enriches the theoretical research on the impact of intelligent technology on employment to a certain extent,and the research conclusions and countermeasures in this thesis have certain reference value.However,the analysis of the interaction between industrial structure and employment in the era of intelligence in this thesis is mostly based on theoretical analysis and trend prediction.There may be some deficiencies in the matching degree with reality.This deficiency is attributed to the relevant econometric models because of the difficulty in obtaining data and the difficulty in quantifying intelligence indicators.Therefore,it still needs to be further improved from the realistic mechanism and more advanced empirical methods to study the impact of intelligence on employment. |
