| Proletarian party theory is an organic part of Marxism,which embodies the value pursuit and spiritual essence of Marxism.After Marx’s death,Engels unswervingly undertook the historical task of guiding the construction of proletarian political parties,based on the new changes and new situations in capitalist society and proletarian movement,and put forward new conclusions on the basic problems of proletarian political parties.However,the proposal of the new theory also makes Engels’ image in his later years criticized and distorted.This articule is faithful to Engels’ works and letters in his later years,systematically presents the main content of Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years,scientifically evaluates the historical contribution of this theory,clarifies his image in his later years,and refutes “Marx and Engels Theory of Opposition”.At the end of the 19th century,capitalism entered a relatively peaceful stage of development,and the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie eased to some extent,which also led to the breeding of anarchism,right opportunism and other wrong thoughts in some working parties.Engels severely criticized the wrong thoughts through Dialectical Interpretation of historical materialism,so as to provide correct methodological guidance for the development of proletarian political parties.Under the blending of times and theoretical background,Engels enriched the proletarian party theory jointly founded by him and Marx.Its core connotation can be summarized as:first,to provide theoretical guidance and ideological leadership for the party with scientific ideological theory;second,to establish a mature program to clarify the necessity of the establishment of political parties and their development objectives;third,adopt flexible and diverse struggle strategies according to the changes of the conditions of the times to ensure that the party’s program takes root;fourth,the establishment of strong organizations provides a good guarantee for the development of political parties and the cause of proletarian liberation.The development of Engels’ theory of proletarian political parties in his later years promoted the construction of proletarian political parties in European and American countries and the development of International Workers’ movement along the right path,and effectively ensured that the nature of proletarian political parties had not changed.Practicality is the distinctive feature of Marxism.Therefore,to analyze the internal value of Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years,we should not only put it under the social and historical conditions,but also put it in the historical development process of the world socialist movement and explore its development practice process.This article also focuses on the division of Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years by the second international,the adherence and deviation of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years,the tortuous and one-sided application of the Communist Party of Western capitalist countries to Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years,the practical process of the CPC’s inheritance and development of Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years.This article highlights the importance of Engels’ Party Theory in his later years through the comparison of positive and negative aspects.Engels’ theory of proletarian party in his later years is still of great value in today’s era,especially for the construction and development of the Communist Party of China.Specifically,in the contemporary perspective,how to maintain the authority of the party constitution,how to strengthen the construction of inner-party democracy,and pay close attention to the "key minority" of Party members and leading cadres,Engels’ proletarian party theory in his later years can provide enlightening value for solving these problems.For example,in terms of maintaining the authority of the party constitution,we should strengthen party members’ awareness of the party constitution,the supervision of the party constitution and the democratic mechanism of the party constitution;In strengthening the construction of inner-party democracy,we should pay attention to protecting the democratic rights of Party members,accurately predict various risks and challenges that may be brought by democracy in the specific operation of the inner-party,and actively think about the reasons behind it and countermeasures;In terms of Party members and leading cadres,we should pay attention to theoretical education,bear in mind the views of the masses,implement the mass line,and maintain close contact with the masses at all times. |
