Research On The Development Of The Thoughts Of Marx And Engels’ Proletarian Party

Thoughts come into being and develop with the times.Based on the two cornerstones of historical materialism and surplus value theory,Marx and Engels’ proletarian party thought not only contains the basic experience of the establishment,construction and development of proletarian parties in Europe,but also shows their wisdom in thinking and answering the basic problems of proletarian parties,It also reflects the value concern based on the fundamental interests of the proletariat,the practical solutions to the practical problems of human society,and the guidance of the highest ideal goal.It has not only become the source of Marxist Party building theory and the key element of Marxist theoretical system,It has also become the ideological wealth of the treasure house of the political civilization of all human parties and a beautiful treasure in the history of human thought.From the perspective of theoretical interpretation,"Marx and Engels proletarian party thought" refers to the experience summary and rational sublimation of the great practice of Marx and Engels in the joint establishment and construction of proletarian party.Its general orientation is "thought",and its target is "Marx and Engels",and the core content reflected in it is "proletarian party".Based on the three theories of Marxist dialectics,Marxist historical view and Marxist social consciousness,the paper analyzes the basic connotation and composition of "ideological development",and then constructs the analysis framework of "problems,practice and text" to study the ideological development of Marx and Engels proletarian party.The premise of thought development is the formation of thought.For the proletarian party thought of Marx and Engels,it is the compound result of the times,personal conditions,ideological conditions and practical conditions.From the perspective of the times,this thought is the comprehensive result of the prosperity and development of European economy,the gradual rise of party politics and the proletariat’s stepping on the stage;From the perspective of personal conditions,Marx and Engels set up the "common original intention" to work for human beings.Although they showed "different cognitive approaches" to the political party issue,they achieved "the same goal of thinking" because of the change of position and the joint creation of a new world outlook;From the perspective of practice,the "indirect practice" of this thought,that is,the corresponding ideological materials and theoretical resources,comes from a series of views of proletarian pioneers in France,Britain and Germany on workers’ organizations and workers’ political parties,"Direct practice",that is,the foundation of practice at that time,was the establishment of the Communist Communication Committee and the Communist alliance.The process of ideological development is characterized by stages.Taking the publication of Manifesto of the Communist Party in 1848 as the official symbol and historical starting point,the development of Marx and Engels’ proletarian party thought shows a general picture with rich connotation and distinct main line,which can be roughly divided into tortuous exploration stage(1848-1864),flourishing stage(1864-1871),expanding and deepening stage(1871-1883)and enriching and perfecting stage(1883-1883)There are four stages with different historical characteristics.In the tortuous exploration stage,the question point is how the proletarian party won the victory of the revolution.The practical context is from participating in the European Revolution in 1848 to the eve of the formation of the First International,and the text evolution is from "The Requirements of the Communist Party in Germany" to "Address of the Central Authority to the League";in the flourishing stage,the question is about what to build and how to build an international proletarian party.The practical context is from the establishment of the First International to the eve of the establishment of the Paris Commune,and the text evolution is from the establishment of the International Workers’ Association.Declaration and provisional constitution to reply to the letter of the Spanish Federation Committee;in the deepening stage,the question is how to establish an independent proletarian party within the scope of the nation-state;the practical context is from paying attention to the revolutionary movement of the Paris Commune to guiding the evolution of the text of the proletarian political parties in various countries It is from the "The Civil War in France" to "Preamble to the Programme of the French Workers’ Party";in the enrichment and improvement stage,the problem is how the proletarian party responds to the new changes in the capitalist era,and the practical context is from Engels continuing to guide the proletarian parties of various countries to leadership In the Second International,the text evolves from "A Critique of the Draft Social-Democratic Programme of1891" to "Introduction to Karl Marx’s The Class Struggles in France,1848 to 1850".Based on the presentation of the historical process,the "development" of Marx and Engels’ proletarian party thought is mainly reflected in the support of the three pillars of content,logical structure and methodology system.First of all,from the content point of view,the theme of "why to establish a proletarian party","what kind of proletarian party to establish" and "how to build a proletarian party" determines the formation of five parts of the proletarian party’s historical mission theory,essential attribute theory,Party building process theory,construction content theory and formulation strategy theory It shows the content,main points,sequence and basic level of value ideal,basic principle and concrete proposition.Secondly,from the perspective of logical structure,it vividly embodies the double principles and regulations of "from abstract to concrete" and "logic is consistent with history" in the interweaving of horizontal logical deduction and vertical historical evolution.From its cross-section,it is from the logical starting point,that is,the confirmation of the historical mission of the proletariat,to the logical main line,that is,from the essential attribute of the proletarian party to all aspects The development of construction elements and the final completion of the historical mission of the proletarian party constitute the internal logic of the closed circle;from its longitudinal section,the historical logic called by the international communist movement in the social situation of Western Europe,the theoretical logic of the proletarian party’s pursuit of science and the quality of keeping pace with the times,and the positive and negative experience of the proletarian movement are summarized and drawn The practical logic of the proletarian party and the goal logic of the proletarian party to achieve the highest ideal through continuous revolution constitute the overall and complete development logic.From the perspective of methodology system,it presents "meta method" with dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the content at the highest level,"general method" with dialectical thinking method,system holistic method and world history method as the content at the general level,"sub method" with cognition method,practice method and evaluation method as the content at the specific level,and the three levels are interconnected The function of the interconnected structural system is reflected in the theoretical guidance and prediction,and the practical criticism and transformation.It has both the characteristics of universal applicability and its historical limitations.Therefore,to expand this methodological function needs to be promoted from the theoretical level and the practical level.The key point of ideological development is to insist on and use simultaneously.The Marxist Engels proletarian party thought,which was born in the context of Western European social history,has not ended its development process because of the split flow of the second international activities.In another Oriental society with unique context significance,the cause of proletarian party is developing in full swing in Russia,China and other places.It undertakes the thought context of the 19 th century,deduces the thought picture of the 20 th century,and is constantly opening up a new realm of this thought in the field of time and space in the 21 st century.Marx and Engels proletarian party thought has the dual significance of truth orientation and value orientation,which provides the possibility conditions for its application in all countries including China.However,the historical situation and destiny trend of modern Chinese social development and the establishment of the Communist Party of China as the main force provide realistic basis.Therefore,Marx and Engels provide the realistic basis for its application in all countries including China The historical evolution of the proletarian party thought in China has also been gradually opened,and it shows that the theme is "what kind of CPC to build,how to build the Communist Party of China",the combination of the basic principles of Marxist Party construction and the concrete Chinese practice,Mao Zedong party construction practice and socialist party construction practice with Chinese characteristics as the main line,and China as the main line The historical outline of the theory and practice of the CPC construction,which is integrated with the achievements of the theoretical system of the party construction of Marxism.Contemporary China is in the time and space coordinates of the new era.Facing the domestic situation of realizing the dream of national rejuvenation and strengthening the country and the world situation of great changes that have not happened in a century,the Communist Party of China inherits the essential gene of the proletarian party,holds the leading banner of Marxist scientific theory,shows the content characteristics of the vanguard of the Chinese nation and the Chinese people,and opens a new era of the party The construction of the city.The construction of the party in the new era is a three-dimensional picture of Marx and Engels’ proletarian party thought in the field of the new era,which is constructed step by step from the two dimensions of theoretical innovation and practical innovation,with "ongoing" as the temporal symbol and "guiding ideology-problem orientation-fundamental goal-main line context-strategic deployment-method innovation" as the overall framework."Guiding ideology" was established as Xi Jinping thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era;"Problem oriented" is the future direction of the party’s construction and how to manage the party strictly in an all-round way;"The fundamental goal" is to build a strong political party with the core of upholding and strengthening the party’s overall leadership;"The main thread" is clearly defined as strengthening the building of the party’s long-term ruling capability,its advanced nature and purity;The implementation of "strategic deployment" is to promote the overall layout guided by the party’s political construction;"Method innovation" is embodied in the scientific thinking method and working method of the party’s construction in the new era.The grand general picture of Party building in the new era has not only produced the theoretical significance of upholding the stand,viewpoint and method of the proletarian party and innovating the theoretical content and discourse of the Communist Party of China’s construction,but also produced the practical significance of effectively improving the quality of the Communist Party of China’s construction and promoting the "four greats" as a whole,and also produced the "party building" that contributes to the development of party politics and political civilization China’s plan and the world significance of contributing "global governance" China’s wisdom to the construction of a community of shared future for mankind.