A Study Of Young Engels’ Proletarian Party Thought(1842-1848)

In Bremen period,Engels gave full play to his insight into social problems and began to revolt against traditional religious ideas.During this period,Engels contacted and learned Hegel’s thought through Strauss’ s works,absorbed important elements of Hegel’s dialectics and tried to put forward creative theories.During the Berlin period,Engels’ atheism tendency and revolutionary democratic belief became more and more clear.However,due to the indirect manifestation of social contradictions in Germany,it was difficult for Engels to analyze the economic causes of various social phenomena.After arriving in Britain,Engels,in the political environment of competing interests,experienced and observed the British Chartist Movement,faced with more acute and direct social struggles in Britain,and began to criticize the capitalist system by combining some theories of economics,and thought about the real way out for the working class through investigation and research.In 1847,Engels and Marx carried out practical activities in party building,applying their party ideas into practice and shaping a new look of the proletariat.From 1842 to 1848,Engels’ s works clarified the basic conditions for the establishment of the proletarian party,the nature of the proletarian party,the proletarian revolutionary program and the organization of the proletarian party,which became the solid foundation of Marxist proletarian party theory.The typical capitalist environment of England in 1840 s played a very important role in the formation of young Engels’ proletarian party theory.The young Engels spent two years in Manchester observing the oppression of the industrial army,the opposition of the bourgeoisie.The industrial revolution endowed the working class with historical status and role.The working class is not a group to be saved.They have gathered a powerful force and can establish a proletarian party to become an independent class,and completely eliminate the class to realize communism under the leadership of the Party.After the establishment of the proletarian political party,the working class must clearly establish their own means and road to rule,clear the tasks and methods of the Party,armed with scientific theory of their minds.In order to achieve the Party’s recent goal and the ultimate goal,the proletariat needs to adopt both struggle and alliance strategy as well as both principled and flexible strategy,and the road of violent revolution is an inevitable and necessary road for the proletariat to liberate itself.After the establishment of the proletariat Party must have a new organizational principle and organizational form,and the past worker party conspiracy,semi-conspiracy or lax organizational principle and form to distinguish,and the Communist Party to always stand on the side of the proletariat,always on behalf of the interests of the entire proletarian movement.The party thought of young Engels has its distinct characteristics.The practice shows that the formation of young Engels’ proletarian party theory starts from the observation and study of practical problems,and then gradually reveals the inherent law of the development of proletarian party.Class nature not only shows the analysis method of the proletarian party theory of young Engels,but also distinguishes the distinct characteristics of the traditional party concept.Development reflects young Engels in the ideological and political transition changes.The revolution is embodied in the revolutionary starting point and the revolutionary content of the research.Different from young Marx’s entry point on the issue of political parties,Engels’ party theory on the proletariat is more systematic and derived from practical experience and problems,which still has important practical guiding significance in maintaining the nature of the proletariat party,strengthening the relationship between the proletariat party and the masses and strengthening the construction of the proletariat party organization.