Public Policy Research On Improving The Child-bearing Willingness Of China’s The Population Of Child-bearing Age

Faced with such social problems as the current low total fertility rate,the aggravation of population aging and the gradual disappearance of demographic dividend,the Chinese government implemented the “Comprehensive Two-Child”fertility policy in 2016,aiming to optimize the population structure,increase the supply of labor force and reduce the pressure of population aging.As a major reform in the history of China’s birth policy,the “Comprehensive Two-Child” fertility policy has achieved initial results.However,under the combined action of high fertility cost,insufficient fertility protection and change of fertility concept,the child-bearing willingness of the population of child-bearing age in China has been continuously depressed,and the total fertility rate is still at a low level.Therefore,China’s fertility policy needs to be further optimized.The Chinese government should introduce a series of complementary policies on the premise of stabilizing the current fertility policy,so as to maintain the total fertility rate within a reasonable range,ensure the intergenerational replacement balance of the population,and promote the sustained and sound operation of the economy and society.Refering to the theory of population and fertility,this paper focuses on the main factors affecting child-bearing willingness based on the in-depth analysis of fertility rate status and birth policy at home and abroad,and puts forward constructive suggestions and strategies for the optimization of fertility policy in China.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part mainly describes the research background and significance,the research status at home and abroad,the research content and methods.The second part introduces relevant theories and basic concepts.The third part analyzes and studies the advantages and disadvantages of China’s current fertility policy and the current fertility rate through consulting relevant literature.Based on the questionnaire survey and the research results of other experts,the fourth part mainly analyzes the main factors affecting the child-bearing willingness from the two dimensions: economic factors and social factors,and concludes the main reason why the child-bearing willingness of the population of child-bearing age in China is reduced.The fifth part uses the comparative analysis method,taking Japan and Russia as the reference objects.By studying the advantages and disadvantages of the two countries’ birth policy,this part combines the two country’s national conditions and the status quo to better carry out the next research and analysis for our country and provides experience.Through analysis of China’s fertility policy and drawing on international experience,the sixth part provides a reasonable optimized proposal for China’s fertility policy to further improve the child-bearing willingness of China’s the population of child-bearing age.