Latent Profile Analysis On Job Burnout And Related Cumulative Risk Among Psychiatric Nurses

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate job burnout among psychiatric nurses in Shandong Province,to identify different types of job burnout among psychiatric nurses using Latent Profile Analysis(LPA),and to further explore the cumulative effects of risk factors among the different types.MethodsThis study investigated four psychiatric hospitals in Shandong Province and selected nurses from them by a stratified cluster sampling method.Firstly,according to the level of economic development,the 17 prefectures and cities in Shandong Province are divided into four layers:developed,relatively developed,general and underdeveloped.All cities are numbered in each layer,and the numbers are selected randomly.Then,the survey objects are recruited according to the extracted results.Using general information questionnaires designed by the researchers themselves(including demographic characteristics such as age,education level,etc.,and job-related characteristics such as years of service,title,etc.),Maslach burnout inventory-human service survey(MBI-HSS),attribution style scale,Emotion Regulation Questionnaire,ERQ),simplified version of resilience scale,work-related quality of life scale-2(WRQoL-2),Job Demands and Decision Latitude and effort-reward imbalance questionnaire(ERI).A total of 800 questionnaires were sent out and 781 were recovered.25 individuals with missing major variables(job burnout)were excluded.A total of 756 psychiatric nurses were included in this study.Data analysis were performed by SPSS25.0 and Mplus 7.0.Statistical methods including LPA,descriptive analysis,univariate analysis and multinomial Logistic regression analysis were used.Results1.General profile of psychiatric nurses:(35.04±8.45)years;of these,77.8%were female;78.7 were married nurses;and 78.4%of participants had a bachelor’s degree or higher in education.2.The results of the latent profile showed that psychiatric nurses’job burnout could be divided into four categories,named "low job burnout"(43.7%),"moderate job burnout"(33.1%),"high job burnout "(15.1%)and "insufficient accomplishment job burnout"(8.2%).3.Comparison of demographic and work-related characteristics of psychiatric nurses with different latent job burnout types:The results of the one-way comparison in this study showed that the differences between psychiatric nurses with different latent job burnout types were statistically significant in terms of age,gender,years of work experience and job title(p<0.05).Using burnout category as the dependent variable and "low burnout" as the baseline reference category,the above variables were simultaneously included in a multinomial logistic regression model that showed a statistically significant relationship between different potential burnout types and gender and job title4.The cumulative risk indices of the different latent job burnout types of psychiatric nurses were ranked as follows:"high job burnout"(6.78±1.50)>"moderate job burnout"(5.92±1.44)>"insufficient accomplishment job burnout"(5.06±1.61)>"low job burnout"(4.42±1.81),(ps<0.05).5.After controlling for the general information variables,psychiatric nurses moved into the "moderate job burnout","high job burnout" and "insufficient accomplishment job burnout" as the cumulative risk index increased,using "low job burnout" as a reference.The risk of entering the "high job burnout" was the highest,followed by the "moderate job burnout","insufficient accomplishment job burnout"and "high job burnout"groups[OR:2.73(2.27,3.29),1.84(1.61,2.09)and 1.28(1.06,1.54)respectively].Conclusions1.Job burnout of psychiatric nurses has obvious classification characteristics.They are named "low job burnout","moderate job burnout","high job burnout" and"insufficient accomplishment job burnout"2.The cumulative risk of psychiatric nurses was assessed in terms of both personal and work environment factors,and there were differences in the cumulative risk indices of the different job burnout types.3.There was a cumulative effect of risk factors on psychiatric nurses’different job burnout types.