Research On Spatial Evolution And Consolidation Strategy Of Rural Settlements In The Loess Hilly And Gully Region Of Eastern Gansu ——A Case Study Of Huating City

With the development of economy,the spatial structure and function of rural settlements begin to change.The original layout of rural settlements can no longer meet the production and living needs of rural residents in the new era.It is urgent to plan and sort out the settlements.Moreover,with the continuous advancement of urbanization,the rural population continues to transfer to cities and towns,and the land for rural residential areas increases instead of decreasing,which greatly increases the contradiction between rural people and land.The interweaving of old and new rural settlements not only hinders rural development,but also poses a great challenge to the improvement of the well-being of rural residents.Therefore,in the context of land and space planning,the research on the consolidation of rural residential areas will effectively improve the utilization efficiency of rural land resources,optimize the layout of rural infrastructure,and improve the coordinated development of rural "three living" space.It is found that the current research on residential areas still pays more attention to the improvement of the "quality" of residential areas,and less attention to the quantitative relationship between rural population and rural residential areas;And some articles lack of research on the distribution,evolution characteristics and influencing factors of residential areas before putting forward the settlement consolidation strategy,which affects the credibility of the research conclusion to a certain extent.Combined with the research background and relevant literature review,this paper determines the research content of this paper: Taking Huating city as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics of rural population and rural residential land in Huating city from the perspective of time;Analyze the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of residential areas from the aspects of natural conditions,scale and form;Based on the identification of the distribution characteristics of rural residential areas,this paper constructs the index system of the suitability of residential area layout,divides the types of rural residential areas in Huating city in combination with the relationship between rural population and rural residential land,and finally puts forward the corresponding consolidation strategies according to different types.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The analysis of population characteristics shows that the number of rural households in Huating City has shown an "N"-shaped change trend in the past ten years,which is closely related to the added value of Huating City’s secondary industry.The number of permanent residents in rural areas continues to grow,but the growth rate is Analyzing the characteristics of land use,it is found that there are different degrees of transformation in the "Sansheng" space in Huating City,but mainly the productionecological space is converted into living space,and due to the sporadic distribution of living space,the production land and ecological land are fragmented;In terms of the evolution characteristics of residential areas,new residential areas are mainly concentrated in urban areas,and the landscape pattern of residential areas is more complex,and there is a large room for improvement as a whole;The relationship between the change of rural permanent population and the expansion of settlements in Huating City is dominated by negative decoupling,and the relationship between man and land is extremely uncoordinated.（2）The distribution pattern of rural settlements in Huating city is similar to that in hilly areas.The spatial form is small agglomeration and large dispersion,and most of them exist in the form of small-scale settlements,with less distribution of large-scale settlements;The spatial layout of rural residential areas has obvious directional characteristics,with the spatial distribution characteristics of "low altitude,close to slope,sunny,hydrophilic,close to road,close to town and close to industrial and mining land".However,with the growth of time,this distribution characteristic does not change significantly in elevation,but weakens in slope and slope direction,especially in water sources,roads,towns There is an obvious increasing trend in industrial and mining land;The average size of settlements is greatly affected by elevation,slope and Township Center,while the average shape index of settlements is more affected by slope;Among the socio-economic factors,population and nationality affect the land scale and density of residential areas,and economy and politics have an impact on the scale,density and form of residential areas.（3）The terrain near the urban area is flat and convenient for production and life.It is the main gathering place with high suitability and most suitability.The unsuitable and low suitability are mostly located in hilly areas with large slope,with small average area and scattered layout;Finally,based on the suitability of population and layout,it is proposed to divide the whole village relocation type,reserved development type,scale control type,agglomeration promotion type and key development type into five types of residential consolidation,and put forward differentiated consolidation strategies according to different consolidation types.（4）According to the different types of residential settlements,the corresponding sorting strategies are considered in terms of the future dominant functions of the settlements and the improvement of the well-being of rural residents.Among them,the whole-village relocation type and the reserved development type of residential land will mainly use ecological functions in the future,and the residents in the area will be gradually relocated to areas with convenient production and life;the reserved development type will control the scale of residential areas while exerting regional production functions.In the future,the agglomeration and promotion type and the key development type will mainly play the living function of the residential area,and by improving the regional infrastructure,it will serve as the receiving place for the relocation of the surrounding rural residents.