Research On The Consolidation Schedule And Spatial Distribution Optimization Of Rural Settlements

In the process of promoting new-type urbanization in China, the continued decrease of cultivated land area and the increasingly prominent of supply and demand contradiction of construction land have being resource difficulties, which is hindering the coordinated development of urban and rural and influencing the abolishing of urban-rural dual structure. Then the bottleneck of land resources in short supply must be broke through to keep the economic and social development healthy and sustainable. As an important form of urban and rural construction land, rural residential land had being an extensive, inefficient and disordered state for a long time. So the reasonable merging and distribution optimization of rural settlements will greatly improve man-land relationship. From this perspective, actively carrying out rural residential land consolidation is an effective way to increase the cultivated land and ease the construction land use pressure, orderly pushing on spatial layout of rural residential land is an important measure to optimize the living environment and improve the production conditions. Therefore, researching on the theoretical framework which fit with consolidation schedule and distribution optimization goal of rural settlements, and exploring new technology combining with layout location and direction, will provide decision basis for the implementation of the villages and towns land-use planning and rural residential land consolidation project, meanwhile, enrich the research content on rural settlements.(1) The analysis on the current land use situation of Jinniuhu Street rural settlements in 2010 showed that:in the quantity of utilized land, the area of rural residential land is too big and the per capita residential land in each village (community) generally exceeds the standard. In the current layout, there are some problems such as dispersive layout and fragmentary patches existed in rural settlements of Jinniuhu Street. In the space layout, characteristics that rural residential distributed along the areas with low slope, low altitude and convenient transpirations are showed remarkably.(2) The index system of multiple reclamation potential of rural residential land is built from three aspects, including implementation conditions, location conditions and resource potential. Based on the value of multiple reclamation potential, the cluster analysis is applied to divided 17 villages (communities) in study area into 3 subareas, including priority areas in the near term, focus areas in the medium term and appropriate areas in the long term. According to the difference of individual conditions, the cluster analysis and spatial coordinate partitioning method are utilized to divided evaluation objects into 3 reclamation models, including in-situ urbanization, internal transformation and gradual migration. Then, combined with the existing planning results, it makes some reasonable adjustments to realize model selecting of rural residential land reclamation.(3)With the help of GIS technology,73 sources are selected as relocation targets from 1295 rural settlements. The resistance surface system is constructed according to rural residential layout suitability. And used by MCR model, Jinniuhu Street is divided into five suitability areas including highly suitable areas, suitable areas, general suitable areas, unsuitable areas and extremely unsuitable areas. Rural settlements in unsuitable and extremely unsuitable areas are determined as migrated settlements. Rural settlements in other areas except sources are determined as retained settlements. To make sure the precise moving direction of migrated rural settlements, the WVD takes sources in MCR model as generators, determined its weight in light of sources’comprehensive influence, and then carve up spatial extent of each source. So the migrated settlements are ascertained to moving into the unique source in the same area. Finally, the spatial layout planning is formed, which includes relocation targets (sources), migrated settlements and retained settlements.(4) Applied the integrated technology of MCR model and WVD, this paper makes a contrastive analysis on location and layout planning of rural settlements, based on two scenarios of the whole town and sole village (community). The results show that:the area of migrated rural settlements in the scenario of breaking administrative boundary is 170hm2 less than that in the scenario of maintaining administrative boundary. So rural residential planning in the former scenario has more practical and reasonable, considering the overall condition of Jinniuhu Street. Therefore, if the conditions allow, we should actively promote the implementation of rural residential unified consolidation, layout and planning in villages and towns.(5)In the light of problems and difficulties encountered in the work of rural residential land consolidation and spatial distribution optimization, some relevant suggestions are purposed in this paper. We should adhere to the planning in the top priority and promote the land consolidation orderly, broaden the financing channels and break through the system restraint, innovate the technology and achieve the differential disposing, respect the wishes of peasant households, and so on.