Research On Interior Space Design Of "Aging" Elderly Care Institutions ——Take Wuhan Hongshan Social Welfare Institute As An Example

At present,aging has become a global problem.According to statistics,the aging process in some European countries has lasted for decades or even a hundred years,while China has entered an aging society（1981-1999）after only 18 years,exposing three major problems in China: the excessive proportion of the elderly population,the low number of births and the serious economic problem of getting old before getting rich.However,with the development of society,the traditional concept of home-based elderly care will gradually fade,and elderly care institutions will become the key development object in the future.However,the inherent concept of Chinese people’s home-based elderly care and the quality of existing elderly care institutions are uneven,resulting in only 3% of the elderly choosing institutions to support the elderly,which has brought great pressure to families and communities.Based on the above background and problems,this paper takes Hongshan social welfare home as the analysis object to explore how to build domestic pension institutions under the background of aging.This paper uses a variety of research methods such as the combination of literature research and case study,field research and interdisciplinary research.Firstly,using the research method of the combination of literature research and case study,this paper investigates the general situation of excellent elderly care institutions at home and abroad,combs the policy documents launched by Chinese and foreign governments,and summarizes the formation and response methods of aging society in China and foreign countries.Then,using the research method of combining field research and interdisciplinary research,combined with the psychological and physiological needs of the elderly,study the ergonomics of the elderly,analyze and study the characteristics of the elderly group,then conduct field research,conduct in-depth investigation and indoor space function analysis of three representative nursing homes in Wuhan,and finally analyze the functional zoning of Hongshan social welfare home in Wuhan,Summarize the design principles of each space.To sum up,the aging design scheme of Hongshan social welfare home is summarized through investigation.Analyze the related problems of pension institutions and put forward the following research:（1）analyze the development and harm of aging in today’s society from a macro perspective,and deeply investigate the research status at home and abroad.（2）From the micro perspective,this paper analyzes the physiological and psychological characteristics and nursing needs of the elderly group,makes analysis and research by means of interdisciplinary and literature research,and puts forward the principles and Strategies of aging design of indoor space in elderly care institutions.（3）Based on the theory,this paper makes a field investigation on three typical cases in Wuhan,and puts forward the final design scheme with Hongshan Social Welfare Institute as the analysis object.