Phnom Penh capital of Cambodia is one of the rapidly growing cities in developing countries and the population of this capital city has experienced urban transportation issues and perceived accessibility constraints over the last two decades.Numerous empirical studies indicated that the land use pattern and transportation system have a mutual relationship with each other that influenced both travel behaviors and the perceived level of accessibility to public(bus)transport,job opportunity,and activity performance.This paper does not just study the transportation system and perceived quality of public bus service from one side but analyzes the urban form and socioeconomic characteristics that affect the travel behaviors to investigate the relationship between land-use development and the transportation system in Phnom Penh capital city.Aiming to find out the impact factors that caused the travelers to prefer private transport and paratransit rather than public bus transit,400 respondents in the city were randomly selected to participate in the online survey questionnaire.The questionnaire was developed to study the following factors: 1)the characteristics of socio-economic and travel behavior,2)the respondents’ perception regarding the public bus service,and3)the jobs-housing location.The results showed spatial mismatch occurred and limited access to public bus transit because the level of population density and transport network density in the jobs-rich areas and housing-rich areas were too imbalanced.The results suggest that factors behind the issues of mobility and accessibility are not only impacted by the public bus system,street network,and transportation infrastructure alone,but the spatial mismatch factors had huge impacts on the issues,especially,the accessibility to employment and opportunities.The integration of transport and land-use planning is recommended to improve the accessibility level to jobs and opportunities,remarkably,for the urban poor communities and disadvantaged groups. |