Research On The Stone-constructed Tombs Of Southern Song Dynasty In Chuanxia Area

The stone chamber Tomb of South Song Dynasty,Chuanxia Area,was unique in the Chinese tombs in the same period with its imitation wood structure.It attracted Mr.Liang Sicheng’s attention as early as the activity of the Chinese construction society.Today,there are numerous researches on the wooden structure of tombs in the northern part of China,including the social and cultural studies based on the space image of the history of the tombs art,and the research on the classification of the chambers by stages from archaeology.Since the self-study society,a large number of archaeological materials have been accumulated in the past eighty years,but the research on stone chamber tomb architecture in Chuanxia area has not yet emerged.Based on detailed archaeological briefing,combined with the first-hand data of field survey.The study on the stone chamber tomb building in Southern Song Dynasty,No.4 Road,Chuanxia,can be divided into three levelsThe first is the research on the layout of the cemetery to which the stone chamber tomb belongs,reviews the present situation of the cemetery sites of the appeasement envoy,Xuanfu envoy and the supporting people in the Southern Song Dynasty,and makes an investigation and demonstration on each composition,speculates its original appearance of the cemetery,and speculates the original appearance of the important building sites.On this basis,the author tries to understand the system of burying in comparison with Gongde Temple by combining the status of the tomb owner,the political environment and funeral customs of the Southern Song Dynasty.Secondly,the construction technology of tomb building is studied.From the perspective of architecture,according to historical materials,tomb inscriptions and epitaphs,the author explores the steps of building,including geomantic and water,land purchase,hiring stonemakers,taking and digging stone,processing and installing stone sections,and even inferring the construction period.After reviewing the research on the stone chamber tombs by archaeologists and the scholars of the history of tomb art,the author makes a revision of the classification division of stone chamber tombs proposed by predecessors with different structures of the roof,and selects the stone chamber tombs with distinctive technical achievements in the times.Among them,the arched type in northern Sichuan,horseshoe type in East Sichuan and four overlapping types in the south of Sichuan Province represent the four way stone making technique of Chuanxia The highest level of the three types of stone chamber tomb is studied in detail to the case study,and the component scale and the building structure are discussed.The design method of the tomb chamber is explained,and the source of stable construction technology of stone chamber tomb is speculated.The third is to explain the wood like images carved in the stone chamber Tomb of Southern Song Dynasty,Chuanxia Area,and explore the regional characteristics,component styles and construction practices reflected.There are many imitated wood carvings in the stone chamber Tomb of South Song Dynasty on Chuanxia Area.These imitated wood carvings are of great significance to study the regional characteristics of Southern Song architecture in Sichuan gorge area,which is almost non-existent.According to the style of the official book Ying-zao-fa-shi compiled in the late Northern Song Dynasty,the wooden imitation images were divided into various works,including the Dougong,appendix,column,Chuomu and Tuofeng.Among them,the small wooden works include door,window,fence and plate,among which the stone works include column foundation and platform foundation,among which tile works include roof ridge structure,among which color paintings include the original appearance of architectural color painting.Thus,the structural methods and the component styles of the Southern Song Dynasty buildings are discussed.In addition,the paper discusses the structure relationship of three front eaves of imitation wood structure in stone chamber tomb,reveals the stable architectural construction technology characteristics formed at this time;and makes a guess on its source.Horizontally,it inherits the construction technology of Sichuan gorge area in Northern Song Dynasty and transmits it to Yuan Dynasty stably,which is a link between the past and the future.In the vertical view,it is to absorb the architectural technology of the north and South China,and then synthesize the local aesthetic preference,and form the Southern Song architecture with distinctive characteristics of the times and unique regional style.In these three levels,the author completed the problem of the stone chamber Tomb of the Southern Song Dynasty on Chuanxia Area,and then answered the shape of the cemetery in the Southern Song Dynasty in Sichuan gorge area? How about stone masonry? What is the style of wood structure? Above those three questions.The author completed the supplement to the regional architectural history of Chuanxia area in the Southern Song Dynasty,and also tried to put forward a new perspective of architectural history research in the field of tomb research.