Research On The Decorative Art Of "Square Stele" Of Qing Dynasty Tomb Building In The Northeast Of Sichuan

Sichuan area of the Qing Dynasty over-ground tomb building large-scale,exquisitely carved,inscriptions rich,is an important folk heritage in Sichuan.In terms of the form type,there are generally single stele,double stele and the combination of the formation of the tomb building groups.The square stele belongs to single stele,which is different from other single steles decorated on both sides of Yin and Yang.The square stele has columns,openings and decorations on each side,forming the style features of quadrilateral shape and uniform decoration.This paper uses the methods of field investigation and image analysis to study the architectural and decorative features of square tablets.First of all,the square stele follows the three-section structure of Chinese traditional architecture,which is composed of the Stele Cap,the Stele Body and the Stele base.According to the form of the different stele can be divided into sedan-style quadrilateral and pavilion-style quadrilateral.The pavilion-shaped Quadrilateral Stele is of standard shape,surrounded by four columns,surrounded by four openings,surrounded by tomb couplets,door coverings,plaques and other carved decorations;.Secondly,the the square stele or independent in front of the mound,as the main gravestone,or as a companion,standing in front of the main gravestone,a single standing in the center of the form of a pavilion-shaped the square stele,a pair of separate symmetry for the sedan-style square stele.Whether alone or as a companion monument,the four sides of the monument are relatively open space,in order to stay around the monument to see a place,surrounded by rich carving decoration to attract visitors to stay.Once again,the shape of the square monument slender,Square base,saved sharp corner of the monument cap,solemn tall and straight with a sense of movement.Decorative arch support and Xuan Peng,increase the beauty of flexible flying,carving various images and inscription calligraphy decoration on the four sides,decorative complex structure transparent,the use of symmetry,rhythm,contrast and other decorative techniques.The decorative carvings cover a wide range of subjects,including auspicious and good intentions,and represent the secular pursuit of good ideals in decoration.The decorative carvings and calligraphy are decorated on plaques,columns and couplets,and cover topics such as personal identity,continuation of clan,and enlightenment of future generations,most of the tomb owners who built the square steles were people of Merit and fame.Finally,the layout of the empty space around the square stele in the cemetery space provides the space for the viewer to circle around on all sides.The decorative components and images on the four sides of the square stele face each other at the spatial level,attract the viewer to stay in the space "static view" and "turn to see",that is,around the monument and watch the process.In the process of viewing,through the decorative images to receive more enlightenment content,in the space of worship in memory of the ancestors,stay longer to provide a unique visual experience for the viewer.Square Stele provides more display space for images and decoration,and its unique viewing way can be carried out around the four sides.In the space of the tomb,offering sacrifices in memory of ancestors,through the unique architectural form of the square stele and the expression of multi-sided decoration connotation,it is not only the visual aesthetic feeling,but also the inheritance and continuation of traditional ethical education.The square Stele highlights the decorative concept of "mourning is not mournful but beautiful" in Sichuan’s tomb architecture,imitating the form of Chinese traditional architecture,it reflects the unique funeral customs and decoration style of Sichuan,and also shows the superb construction skills of folk craftsmen.