Research On Rural Landscape Design Based On Water And Soil Loss And Leakage Control

With the continuous implementation of the national "village revitalization" policy in recent years,planning and research on rural landscapes has developed to an unprecedented height.As an important way to realize rural revitalization and reshape rural vitality,rural tourism is currently receiving extensive attention.Rural tourism has also become an important breakthrough in the transformation of rural industries and economic development in remote and backward areas in China.Heichong community is located in Shibing County,Guizhou Province,southwest China,as an important part of the "South China Karst" series of World Natural Heritage-the buffer zone of the Shibing Karst World Natural Heritage Site,its beautiful and unique dolomite karst natural landscapes such as karst peaks and forests,as well as the unique cultural landscape of mountain villages,provide a good landscape foundation for rural tourism in the region.However,the special karst landform and the dual identity of being located in the buffer zone of the World Natural Heritage Site make the rural landscape planning here different from the ordinary rural area.On the one hand,based on the relevant protection regulations of the world natural heritage site,as the heritage buffer zone,the related landscape construction activities in Heichong community are restricted;on the other hand,the special surface and underground two-dimensional and three-dimensional erosion environment causes surface water and soil erosion and underground leakage here.The problem not only affects the rural environment and ecological development of Heichong community,but also threatens the protection and development of the core area of the World Natural Heritage Site.Therefore,how to develop rural tourism without destroying the authenticity and integrity of the World Natural Heritage Site,and to achieve the prevention and control of soil erosion and loss to a certain extent,is the primary problem faced by the rural landscape construction in this region.Based on the above issues,this paper takes Shibing Karst World Natural Heritage Site’s buffer zone—Heichong Community as the research area.Through basic research on domestic and foreign rural landscapes,World Natural Heritage Sites and karst areas’ soil erosion and loss,etc.,starting from the perspective of rural landscape planning and design,the main content is the planning and design of the rural "production,life,ecology" landscape of the study area and related rural tourism infrastructure service facilities,exploring the balanced relationship between rural tourism development and heritage protection in the study area,and forming a suitable design planning and development model of rural tourism in natural heritage sites are as follows:(1)Soil and water loss in the study area-the problem is caused by the combined action of natural and human factors.The agricultural activities and daily life behaviors of the community residents have a certain impact on the soil erosion-leakage problem in the study area.The rural production landscape in the research area is mainly farmland landscape,modern agricultural landscape,and forest and fruit landscape.Through the farmland landscape and modern agricultural landscape design in the research area,the development of new agriculture in the research area reduces the dependence of community residents on a single farmland,thereby alleviating the adverse effects of traditional agricultural activities on the water and soil erosion-leakage problem in the study area,and accelerate the industrial development of the study area through creative agriculture,cultural and creative agriculture,etc.;(2)Community participation is an important principle for the protection and management of World Natural Heritage Sites,and community development is also an important issue for the sustainable development of World Natural Heritage Sites.The rural life landscape of the study area focuses on reshaping the public space of the community.Through the landscape design of architectural courtyards,public green spaces,streets and alleys,it provides community residents with a place for daily communication and cultural inheritance,thereby enhancing community residents’ recognition of the site sense and self-confidence,further strengthen the autonomy of the study area community in the construction of rural landscape and the protection and management of heritage sites,promote the development of rural landscape in the study area,and better realize the control of soil erosion and leakage in the study area.(3)Plant planting design is the main content of the rural ecological landscape in the study area.According to the relevant protection principles of World Natural Heritage Sites,the tree species selection in the study area is mainly native tree species and pioneer tree species,and reasonable allocation in the study area from the perspective of rural landscape design,so as to strengthen the ecological restoration of the study area and further realize the prevention and control of soil and water loss in the study area.(4)With the continuous development of rural tourism in the study area,in addition to community residents,the proportion of the impact of tourists’ related tourism activities on the ecological environment of the study area will also increase.On the basis of the rural "production,life,ecology" landscape design in the study area,the design of related rural tourism service facilities is mainly based on the design of popular science education landscape facilities,and the relevant landscape design with science education functions is used to strengthen community residents and tourists to the study area soil erosion-leakage and the understanding and protection awareness of Shibing Karst World Natural Heritage Site.In order to realized the combination of "prevention" and "control" of water and soil erosion-leakage in the study area.