Study On Optimization And Configuration Of P + R And K + R Facility Location Under Multimode Transportation Network

China is currently in the stage of motorization and urbanization,and the high proportion of car trips has created problems such as traffic congestion and resource shortages.At the same time,due to the expansion of the city,the population gradually migrates to the periphery of the city,which leads to the intensification of the classification of occupation and residence.As a "corridor-style" means of transportation,rail transit cannot achieve "door-to-door" services,and requires other modes as its extension.Park and ride(P + R)is an effective way to solve this problem and guide the traffic flow of cars to the rail transit network.However,domestic parking and interchange facility planning has not received enough attention,the operating conditions are uneven,and there is a phenomenon of mismatch between supply and demand.In addition,with the rise of online car-hailing and other methods,the behavior of kiss and ride(K + R)Increasingly,the traditional methods cannot meet the new demand.Therefore,studying P + R and K + R characteristics and layout planning can provide a theoretical basis for actual decisionmaking.The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of parking and interchange facilities are analyzed firstly.Based on the survey data,the passenger flow changes of parking and interchange facilities are analyzed.Based on multi-source data,the spatial layout characteristics and scale of P + R facilities in different regions are summarized.To explore the spatial characteristics of K + R,the connection aggregation points of K+R was recognized.And then,the travel time and travel distance characteristics of different travel commuters are discribed,as the basis of the passenger demand forecast model.Aiming to promote the transformation of cars and rail transit,the location selection framework for parking and interchange facilities with “spatial analysis,demand forecasting,location optimization” is promoted.Firstly,the ARCGIS tool is used to analyze the three indicators of passenger attraction,facility accessibility,and construction cost using spatial analysis theory.With the help of density analysis,network analysis,and reclassification,the appropriate construction index of each single factor is calculated.Using the entropy weight calculation method,the comprehensive suitable construction index is calculated,and on this basis,the initial alternative set of facilities can be obtained.Next,the demand for parking interchanges at alternative locations is predicted.This paper focuses on the utility of P+R,K+R and car.Starting from the characteristics of mode transfer,a demand prediction model based on mode division is applied,combined with an intention survey.Based on the data,the model of the method division is established,and the results of the determination of the utility function and the parameter calibration are estimated.Utilize the utility equation to calculate the probability of mode choice,which is used to predict the demand for parking transfer.At the same time,the parameter values of the utility equation are analyzed,and the influence of the traveler’s personal attributes and travel mode attribute values on the mode selection is discussed.Then,the parking and transfer facilities were classified and graded,and the carrying capacity of each level of facilities was set.To meet the needs of maximizing demand and maximizing transfer utility,a hierarchical optimization location model of parking and interchange facilities was established.This model jointly plans P + R and K + R facilities,and solves the problem of demand transfer when parking and transfer demand overflows.It has been configured in terms of the types of parking and interchange facilities,location selection,and demand transfer.Finally,practice the location layout method of parking and interchange facilities in Chengdu,apply the primary selection model to give the appropriate construction index of each station,and use the final selection model to get different types and different levels of facilities to match the needs site selection plan.