Research On The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention Of Chinese Construction Employees

In recent years,the rapid development of the Chinese construction industry has not only increased the employment rate,but also made a great contribution to our national economy.By the end of 2018,China had 55.633 million construction professionals working in the industry.The existing research shows that the high turnover rate of employees has caused significant losses to construction enterprises.The degree of employees’ job satisfaction significantly affects their turnover intention,while the research in this area is scant in China.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the job satisfaction and turnover intention of Chinese architectural practitioners.This paper takes construction professionals as the research target,and sets the following five research objectives:(1)Identifying the critical influencing factors of job satisfaction among construction professionals;(2)Evaluating the level of turnover intention among construction professionals;(3)Analyzing the differences of job satisfaction among different construction professionals;(4)Analyzing the differences of turnover intention among different construction professionals;(5)Developing a relationship model between job satisfaction and turnover intention for construction professionals.This paper is divided into six sections.The first section includes the introduction of relevant industry background,theoretical background and research significance,determines the research objectives and research methods,and develops the research flowchart of the paper.The second section introduces the basic theory,including the definition of terms,influencing factors and measurement methods of job satisfaction and turnover intention.The third section elaborates the research design.Based on the literature review,the research model of the paper is constructed,the research hypothesis is proposed,and the questionnaire is designed.The fourth section focuses on the questionnaire survey data collection and analysis.AMOS23.0 software is used for validity test of the valid questionnaire.SPSS22.0 software is employed for reliability test,descriptive statistical analysis,variance analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis,then the results of statistical analysis are discussed.The fifth section is about the semi-structured interview.On the basis of questionnaire survey statistical analysis results,a semi-face-to-face structured interview was conducted with 8 construction professionals,and the results of the interview and the questionnaire survey were compared and verified.The sixth section summarized the research findings and suggests future research directions.In this study,146 questionnaires were collected,among which 126 were valid questionnaires,with an valid rate of 86.3%.Through questionnaire statistical analysis and interview data analysis,the following findings are derived:(1)The critical influencing factors of the job satisfaction among Chinese construction professionals are salary and welfare(2.591),promotion and training(2.966)and job nature(3.002).(2)The turnover intention of construction workers in China is moderately high(the average turnover intention is 3.254).(3)Significant differences in the job satisfaction were observed among the Chinese construction professionals in the following three aspects: education,marital status,and job nature.The construction professionals have a higher level of satisfaction with higher level of educations.Married professionals are more satisfied with salary and benefits than their counterparts.In terms of salary and benefits,interpersonal relationship,promotion and training,and leadership and management,construction professionals working in consulting companies have the highest level of satisfaction.In terms of working conditions,construction professionals working for the owner(e.g.real estate companies)have the highest level of satisfaction.(4)Significant differences in the turnover intention exists among the Chinese construction professionals in the following four aspects: age,position,working years,and types of companies.Specifically,the older the professionals are,the less likely they have the turnover intention.The following construction professionals have the highest levels of turnover intension: general employees,professionals with less than 5 years of working experience,and professionals working in construction companies.(5)Through correlation analysis and regression analysis,the relationship model between the job satisfaction and turnover intention among Chinese construction professionals is constructed.This paper enriches the research results on the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention,and provide a reference for the construction managers to find more effective measures in improving the level of job satisfaction and settling the turnover problems.