Research On Evaluation And Influencing Factors Of Green Development Level Of Coal Resource-based Cities In China

As the main energy in China,coal accounts for a relatively high proportion in the energy system.In 2018,raw coal production accounted for 69.3% of the total energy production,and raw coal consumption accounted for 59% of the total energy consumption.Determined by the characteristics of China’s energy endowments,the status of coal as the main energy will not change fundamentally in the short time.Coal resource-based cities have made great contribution to the economic growth by providing needed coal.However,at the same time,it also brought a lot of negative effects to the urban development.Extensive development mode causes the city’s heavy reliance on coal resources,leading to unreasonable industrial structure.With the depletion of resources,economic development became unsustainable,a series of social and environment problems a harsh reality.Coal-exhausted cities face serious unemployment problems,and typical coal cities in the Northeast have relatively high unemployment rates.Excessive coal mining has led to land collapse and natural environment damage,which has greatly affected the production and life of people in related areas.Based on the literature review of the connotation of green development,this paper objectively defines the connotation of green development by taking status of coal cities into account.It constructs an evaluation index system of green development of coal cities,which includes 30 indexes,from the perpectives of economy,society,resources and environment after drawing from previous studies on evalution of green development.Secondly,this paper evaluates the green development level of 30 coal cities from2012 to 2018.The entropy method is used to evaluate the green development level of each subsystem and the comprehensive green development level of 30 cities,and then the coupling coordinated development model is used to evaluate the coordinated development level of 30 cities.The results show that: the economic and social green development level of 30 coal cities is low,and the rising trend is slow;the economic and social green development level of the eastern region and renewable cities is the highest;the resource green development level of each city is high,and the gap between cities is small;the environmental green development level is low and showing a downward trend;the environmental green development level of the eastern region and renewable cities is low The green development level is the lowest.The green development evaluation values of 30 cities are generally small.The green development evaluation values of the eastern region are the largest and the fluctuation range is the smallest.The evaluation values of the central and western regions are close to and smaller than those of the eastern region.The green development evaluation values of the northeast region are the smallest and decreasing.The gap of green development evaluation value of different types of cities is also obvious.The green development evaluation value of regenerative cities is the largest,followed by mature and declining cities,and the comprehensive green development evaluation value of growing cities is the smallest.The coordination degree of the 30 coal cities is good,the eastern region is the best,followed by the central and western regions,and the northeast region is the worst.Third,explore the factors that affect the green development level of coal resourcebased cities.Select the per capita GDP,the proportion of the secondary industry,the actual use of foreign investment,the proportion of science and technology expenditures,the urban registered unemployment rate,the proportion of social security expenditures,and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste as explanatory variables,and use the panel Tobit model to perform Empirical analysis.The empirical results show that the per capita GDP and the urban registered unemployment rate have a significant negative impact on the green development of coal resource-based cities,the proportion of the secondary industry,the amount of foreign investment actually utilized,the proportion of science and technology expenditures,and industrial solid waste The comprehensive utilization rate has a significant positive impact on the green development of coal resource-based cities.Although social security expenditure has a positive impact on the green development of coal resource-based cities,it is not significant.Then the Tobit regression analysis was performed on different regions to analyze the degree of influence of explanatory variables on cities in different regions.The actual utilization of foreign investment has no significant impact on the green development level of the western and northeastern regions,and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solids waste has no significant impact on the green development of the eastern region.Finally,based on the research results of this paper,and with the development of coal cities taking into account,policy recommendations to improve the level of green development of coal cities in China are put forward.Different types of cities should adopt differentiated development mode;Coordinated development of urban systems should be promoted;the industrial structure shall be adjusted dynamically to make the it more diversified;employment and reemployment should be expanded;more efforts shall be made in pollution control and ecological environment protection.This paper has 11 figures,13 tables and 115 references.