Research On The Construction Of Gongbu Nature Reserve Based On The Farmers’perception And Attitude In Tibet

In recent years,the number of nature reserves in our country is increasing rapidly.as the number of nature reserves increase,the conflict between nature reserves and the farmer of the adjacent community increasingly intensified.so how to coordinate the relationship between the reserve and residents of the adjacent community become the current research focus.The Gongbu nature reserve located in Nyingchi city in southeastern Tibet,is one of the richest area in mountainous biodiversity in China or even the world,is the typical area of the mountainous vertical ecological system.It has the characteristics of the raw forest ecological system,the rich biodiversity,numerous rare and threatened biological species and magnificent snow mountain&forest scenery.The total area of the Gongbu nature reserve is 20149.81km~2,including Bayi county,Gongbujiangda county,Milin county and Lang county that is the most developed economic regions in Nyingchi city,the conflict between nature reserve and the adjacent community intensified.Based on the farmers’perception and attitude,this paper is written to seek the sustainable path for protection natural environment and economic development.It has the effect for practical value.Through the investigation by questionnaire,We obtain 579 valid questionnaires from the households of the adjacent community of Gongbu nature reserves in Tibet.This paper first analyzes the perception and attitude towards the Gongbu nature reserve of the households.Based on the analysis of the perception and attitude,use the logistic model to explore influence factors on the attitude of the local farmers by the statistic analysis software SPSS 19.0.The results show that:(1)Farmers have a high degree of support for the Gongbu nature reserve,but not a high degree of scientific awareness.Farmers in adjacent communities of Gongbu nature reserve have a high degree of support for the construction of nature reserve.is due to their raw ecological cognition,rather than their scientific cognition of nature reserve.(2)Farmers have a strong awareness of environmental protection,but the educational level is low.The Tibetan people have lived in a fragile and limited ecological environment for generations.In the long-term production activities and daily activities,they have strong awareness of environmental protection,but their education level is not high.(3)Nature reserve construction limited the residents’production and living activities.The southeastern Tibet is is typically high-mountain gorge areas,the vertical zonality of of natural resources is obvious.The households living on agriculture,grazing and forestry.A considerable number of farmers still use fuelwood as the main material for fire and heating,and grazing is still one of the main sources of their income.The construction of nature reserves restricts the livelihood activities of local farmers such as fuelwood harvesting,under-forest resource picking and grazing.(4)Farmers still live in traditional ways.The residents in the adjacent communities of Gongbu nature reserve still mainly rely on the traditional planting and picking for their livelihood.The income structure agree with the construction of the nature reserve is not formed.(5)Farmers cannot effectively feel the benefits of local tourism development.A considerable number of farmers in adjacent communities of Gongbu nature reserve cannot deeply participate in the development of local tourism,and cannot perceive the improvement of transportation,income diversification and job opportunities by tourism development.According to above analysis,the article puts forward,implementation should pay more attention to by law area,increase financial investment,establishes the ecological compensation mechanism,improve the community co-management mechanism,guiding farmers to actively participate in management,strengthening the construction of industrial projects and multi-dimensional broadening the channels for the farmers income,improve the farmers’education level,strengthen non-agricultural skills training,trying to find out the effective path of harmony between the nature reserve construction and the adjacent community economic development.