Study On The Resilience Of Ecological Immigration Villages And Its Influence Mechanism In Xiji Country

Ecological immigrant village is a special form of rural settlement formed in the process of poverty alleviation and relocation.Its human land relationship is very complex,and it is an important part of Rural Revitalization.In recent years,resilience thinking provides a new perspective and a new framework for re examining the human-land relationship.Under the background of rural revitalization,this study takes the typical ecological immigration villages in Xiji County of Ningxia as the research object,uses participatory rural evaluation method and questionnaire survey method to obtain research data,constructs the resilience evaluation index system of ecological immigration villages,and uses TOPSIS model method to study the resilience of ecological immigration villages from village and farmer scale,In order to provide academic basis and practical reference for the comprehensive revitalization of ecological immigration villages,the paper uses obstacle degree model to identify the key influencing factors,deeply analyzes the resilience of ecological immigration villages and its influencing mechanism,and puts forward the path to enhance the resilience of ecological immigration villages.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The resilience of the village ecological immigration village showed obvious spatial differences.From the different landform types,the general performance is river valley area(0.6534)>rocky mountain area(0.4584)>loess hilly and gully area(0.2819).From different dimensions,the economic dimension of river valley area had the highest level of resilience(0.5889),followed by the rocky mountain area(0.4352),and the loess hilly and gully area had the lowest level of resilience(0.3506);from the social dimension,the rocky mountain area had the highest level of resilience(0.6022),followed by the river valley area(0.5257),and the loess hilly and gully area had the lowest level of resilience(0.5198);from the ecological dimension,the river valley area had the highest level of resilience(0.5232),followed by the rocky mountain area(0.5225),and the loess hilly and gully area had the lowest level of resilience(0.3226);from the culture dimension,the river valley area had the highest level of resilience(0.7767),followed by the rocky mountain area(0.6020),and the loess hilly and gully area had the lowest level of resilience(0.3209);from the institutional dimension,the river valley area had the highest level of resilience(0.6902),followed by the rocky mountain area(0.4224),and the loess hilly and gully area had the lowest level of resilience(0.2797).(2)There are significant differences in resilience barriers of ecological immigration village.From the perspective of dimension level,economic dimension and ecological dimension are the common factors limiting the resilience in different areas of the study area,which is closely related to the historical development and natural environment background conditions of the study area.From the index level,the main obstacle factors in the river valley area are the proportion of primary industry labor force,social support for poverty alleviation,forest and grass land area,rural cooperative participation rate and fertilizer use per unit area.The main obstacle factors in the rocky mountain area are the per capita net income of farmers,the education level of the working-age labor force,the distance to the hospital in the central city of the region,the relief degree of the terrain and the distance to the nearest junior middle school.In the loess hilly and gully area,the main obstacle factors are topography relief,farmers’ per capita net income,rural residents’ trust in the government,per capita skill training times and the distance to the nearest middle school.(3)There were significant differences in the resilience at the farmers livelihood in the ecological immigration village.From the perspective of buffering capacity,the order of buffering capacity of different types of farmers from high to low is comprehensive type(0.2874)>migrant type(0.2295)>Agricultural concurrent type(0.1459)>pure agricultural type(0.1259)>subsidy type(0.0959);from the perspective of self-organization capacity,the order of self-organization capacity of different types of farmers from high to low is comprehensive type(0.1966)>Agricultural concurrent type(0.1439)>pure agricultural type(0.1257)>migrant type(0.1029)>subsidy type(0.0849);From the perspective of learning ability,the learning ability of different types of farmers from high to low was comprehensive type(0.2431)>migrant type(0.2049)>Agricultural concurrent type(0.1962)>pure agricultural type(0.1762)>subsidy type(0.1167).From the perspective of different types of farmers livelihood resilience level,the comprehensive type(0.7271)>migrant type(0.5373)>Agricultural concurrent type(0.4860)>pure agricultural type(0.4278)>subsidy type(0.2975),the comprehensive type of farmers livelihood resilience index is 2.44 times of the subsidy type of farmers.The type of farmers with diversity of accounting methods decreased to that of single farmers.On the whole,there are significant differences in the resilience among different types of farmers,and the type of farmers with diverse livelihood patterns is reduced to a single type of farmers.(4)There is a significant difference in the obstacle degree of farmers’ livelihood resilience dimension.in which the pure agricultural farmers’ learning ability>self-organization ability>buffer ability;agricultural concurrent farmers’ learning ability>buffer ability>self-organization ability;migrant farmers’ self-organization ability>Buffer capacity>learning ability;subsidy farmers’ learning ability>buffer capacity>self-organization ability;comprehensive farmers’ buffer capacity>selforganization ability>learning ability.From the index level,the leading obstacle factors restricting the rural households’ resilience in the study area are livelihood risk awareness and information acquisition ability in learning ability,social security measures and immigration policy satisfaction in selforganization ability,and average income level of immigrants in buffer capacity.It shows that the migrants generally lack the awareness of livelihood risk aversion,and the limited ability and knowledge level of immigrants make immigrants have insufficient ability to predict and prevent livelihood risk.(5)The resilience of ecological immigration village is affected by the interaction of many factors,and the degree of the impact factors determines the degree of its resilience.Based on the analysis of the impact mechanism of resilience in ecological immigration village,this study based on the idea of"dimensional-impact factors-impact results-improvement path",proposed the path and mode of improving resilience of ecological immigration village from two scales of village and farmers.