Research On The Characteristics And Spatial Distribution Of Aquatic And Terrestrial Biodiversity In The Liaohe River Basin

Biodiversity is the basis of life on Earth and the survival and development of human society.It is of great practical significance to correctly recognize the characteristics and rules of river biodiversity,which can provide strong support for the improvement of river habitats and the ecological restoration of rivers.This study combines on-site investigation with laboratory analysis to carry out investigation and Research on plant diversity,zooplankton diversity and vertebrate diversity in Liaohe River basin and to analyze their distribution rules.The research results can provide scientific and technological and data support for ecological function restoration and biodiversity protection in Liaohe River basin.The results of Plant Diversity Investigation in Liaohe River Basin show that the plant diversity monitoring results of 8 study areas in the main stream of Liaohe River show that there are 165 species,128 genera and 51 families,mainly Compositae and Gramineae.From 2020 to 2021,the species richness indexes of Fudian and Qixing wetlands were the highest in the eight survey areas.The plant diversity index of the main stream of Liaohe River showed a downward trend as a whole,and the drop-down diversity index of the three rivers decreased the most.The most invasive species are Fudian and Sanhe pull-down,and the least are five trees.However,this study only recorded 2020 and 2021,which is not enough to intuitively show the impact of invasive species on plant diversity in Liaohe River.Investigation results of plankton biodiversity in Liaohe River Basin show that:from 2020 to 2021,monitoring results of plankton in rivers in Liaohe Nature Reserve show that there are 74 species of 68 genera and 6 phyla of plankton algae observed in total.The largest number of green algae species is 30 species.Followed by diatomaceae,21 species;15 species of cyanophyta;5 species of gymnosperm;2species of dinophyta;The minimum is 1 species of Phytophyta.From 2020 to 2021,the plankton biodiversity in Liaohe Reserve increased as a whole,but the maximum was not more than 3 and did not reach the "clean" level.Xiushui River,Fordshop,Juliuhe River,Hongmiaozi,Qinghe River,Liuhe River,Freezing Bridge and Zhangqiao Bridge are slightly polluted.Zhao Huan River,Fan River,Mahu Mountain,Stone Buddha Temple and the Ring Yang River are moderately polluted.The Shuguang Bridge,Tongjiang Estuary and Zhuershan are heavily polluted.Investigation results of plankton biodiversity in Liaohe River Basin indicate that 53 species of fish were found in river fish monitoring in Liaohe Reserve from2020 to 2021,belonging to 9 orders and 16 families: Cyprinidae is the most abundant,providing 31 species in 2 families,followed by bass,4 families and 9species,2 families and 4 species in catfish,2 families and 3 salmon orders,2families and 1 species in acaridae,gallidae and syndae.Cyprinidae is the dominant species,with 19 genera and 26 species,followed by Loaches,5 genera and 5 species.On the distribution of feeding species,most of them are omnivorous and carnivorous fish(24 species and 23 species respectively).There are 6 kinds of herbivorous fish,mainly grass carp and green gill.There are 2 kinds of filter-feeding fish,including silver carp and Bighead carp,with large individuals and large stocks.24 omnivorous fishes,mainly carp,crucian carp,etc.23 species of carnivorous fish have been found,of which the large fish is Ophiopogon arborescens.In the distribution of fish water layer,the main lower and middle fishes are 33 species,including carp,crucian carp and other omnivorous fishes.Medium fishes are mainly silver carp,grass carp,etc.13 species of upper and middle fishes.