| Through identification of 1119 specimens of bryophytes collected from Kuankuishui nature reserve, 70 families, 160 genera and 421 kinds of bryophytes were found, including 14 dominant families and 13 dominant genera. Among which are mosses including 41 families, 120 genera, 299 species, liverworts including 29 families, 40 genera, 122 species. Monotypic families and genera tend to have a significant percentage of species. Comparing with species abundance between Kuankuoshui nature reserve and other 9 sites, the family richness in this area ranks second, however, the species abundance is lower, which is related to the quantity of monotypic families. The species similarities between Kuankuoshui and Mt. Leigong are highest, while the species similarities between Kuankuoshui and Jianfengling were lowest.There are 11 varieties or subspecies. Genetic diversity is the fourth richest in ten areas and Porella is the richest among genera. The characteristic of subspecies and varieties are that East Asian elements is the most important, accounting for 54.55% and Chinese endemic elements takes up only 9.09%. These show that origin of flora is closely correlated with Japan and varieties or subspecies are lack of endemicity in this area. Species change rate during the third comprehensive investigation is much smaller than the second one, and the dominant families are main distributed in temperate zones.Though the research to species diversity at different vegetation types, the species diversity of mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forests is the highest one, and Chinese fir forest is the lowest one. The Wilson-Shmida index between Chinese fir forest and multiple pulse QingGang forest is the highest one. The similarities between Fagus lucida-arrow bamboo forest and Chinese fir- castanopsis fargesii forest are highest, and the similarities between multiple pulse QingGang forest and Chinese fir forest are lowest. The dominant species at different vegetation types highlights similarity. The species diversity of river ecosystem is highest, while marsh ecosystems is lowest.The Wilson-Shmida index between river ecosystem and marsh ecosystems is largest, the species in these make a great difference. The tendency of Bray-Curtis index is consistent with Wilson-Shmida index. The dominant families in farmland ecosystems are Pottiaceae, Polytrichaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Bryaceae, Hypnaceae. 15 dominant species are freed from influence of human disturbance. These drought-enduring and poor-light-tolerance species are distributed throughout the cave of weak light, such as Pottiaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Hypnaceae, Thuidiaceae and Fissidentiacea.Through the research to the relationship of bryophytes species and environment factors by ordination, canopy density, herb coverage, litter coverage, slope aspect and matrix are important influence factors on bryophytes distribution. Niche breadth of 148 kinds of bryophytes is less than 2.00, proportion of the total number of species reaches 55.64%. Selecting 43 kinds of bryophytes to calculate niche overlap value, combined with the features of their ecological distribution, they are divided into 3 ecological groups. 871 groups of bryophytes who's niche overlap values are lower than 0.5, proportion of the total number of group reaches 96.46%.This show that use of ecological environment resources is not competitive and this area provide bryophytes with rich resources.The number of species has a great discrepancy among four types of landscapes. Species diversity in forest is highest, while farm is lowest. The Wilson-Shmida index between farm and weak-light cave is largest. The distribution pattern in Kuankuoshui nature reserve are divided into 3 sample groups. Landscapes of the first group is miscellaneous, the second group presents as forest landscape, and the third group manifest as wetland landscape and farmland landscape. |
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