| Southeast Tibetan region of hengduan Mountains is located in the southeast of Tibet Autonomous Region and the west of Hengduan Mountains.It is one of the 34 hotspots with the most abundant species and threatened biodiversity in the world.Due to its remote location,steep terrain and inconvenient transportation,there are few researches on mammals in the southeastern Hengduan Mountains Tibetan Autonomous region.In order to supplement and update the species catalogue in this area and compare the distribution of animals in different areas,38 infrared cameras were deployed in the study area from August 2019 to October 2020 to investigate the large and medium mammals in the area.The main results are as follows:In November 2020,24 infrared cameras were recovered in the research area,and 14 were lost.The cumulative working days of the 24 infrared cameras were 5,600 days,and 61,135 photos were obtained in total.Excluding aerial photos and staff photos,16,837 valid photos were obtained.There were 9,177 valid photos of animals,2,252 valid photos of birds,and 5,408 valid photos of human and livestock.A total of 1289 independent valid photographs of mammals were obtained,and 18 species of 5 orders,13 families were identified.The top four species in relative abundance index were Elaphodus cephalophus（RAI=7.42）,Dremomys pernyi（RAI=6.30）,Martes flavigula（RAI=1.91）and Lepus oiostolus（RAI=1.89）.The number of independent valid photos were 482,353,107 and 106,respectively.The proportion of the independent effective photos of the four species to the independent effective photos of the whole mammal species was 8.30%,27.39%,37.39% and 8.22%,respectively.Two species,Naemorhedus goral and Capricornis thar,were identified as the first class protected animals,accounting for 11.11% of the total species.There are 8 species of national second-class protected animals,accounting for 44.45% of allspecies,They are Martes flavigula,Macaca mulatta,Elaphodus cephalophus,Vulpes Vulpes,and Prionailurus Bengalensis,Ursus thibetanus,Pseudois nayaur,and Rusa unicolor dejeani.Three of the species in this survey belong to the new record in the southeast Tibetan region of hengduan Mountains,namely Lepus oiostolus,Hystrix hodgsoni and Rusa unicolor dejeani.The nocturnal indexes of Martes flavigula,Dremomys pernyi,Elaphodus cephalophus and Lepus oiostolus were 0.36,0.03,0.53 and0.55,respectively.Dremomys pernyi and Martes flavigula belong to diurnal animals,while Elaphodus cephalophus and Lepus oiostolus belong to Crepuscular animal.The daily activity rhythm of Lepus oiostoluss showed a bimodal pattern,and there were two peak periods of activity in each day,which were 7:00 to 8:00 in the morning and 19:00-20:00 in the evening.The activity of Dremomys pernyi peaked at 12:00-13:00 and 15:00-16:00;The Martes flavigula reached its peak during 18:00 to 19:00.The peak activity frequency of the stable activity time of Elaphodus cephalophus was from08:00 to 09:00 in the morning and from 18:00 to 19:00 in the evening.The threats to animal species in the study area mainly come from grazing,collection of fungi,traditional Chinese medicine and road construction. |
