| This paper examines China's use of traditional and non-traditional information gathering efforts, and seeks to delineate trends in its use of each. It asks two primary questions: First, under what circumstances does China employ traditional espionage methods to collect United States technologies and intelligence pertaining to those technologies? Second, under what circumstances does China employ non-traditional, diffuse methods for collecting United States technologies and intelligence pertaining to those technologies? I assess that China's intelligence apparatus employs the activities that it deems most appropriate, given the sensitivity and accessibility of the desired technology. I hypothesize that China's intelligence services implement more "traditional" intelligence operations in order to obtain more sensitive, to include classified, US government information, and use a more opportunistic, "non-traditional" approach for transfer of export restricted and other less sensitive types of information. |
