| With the active promotion and implementation of China’s "Belt and Road" initiative,trade between China and Europe has become increasingly close and sustained steady development.Moreover,fresh agricultural products,as the main consumer goods in people’s daily lives,occupy an increasing proportion in the trade between China and Europe.The rising demand for fresh agricultural products between China and Europe has brought about an increase in long-distance cold chain transportation,and will promote the development of cold chain multimodal transportation.At the same time,the perishable characteristics of fresh agricultural products and the continuous improvement of people’s product quality requirements pose greater challenges for China’s international cold chain logistics operations.In addition,the rapid development of the global economy has led to increasingly severe climate and environmental problems.However,cold chain logistics has the characteristics of high energy consumption.Therefore,it is necessary to consider the economic and environmental benefits as a whole to improve the level of cold chain logistics in China.This paper studies the optimization of cold chain multimodal transport scheme for fresh agricultural products between China and Europe,considering the environmental temperature difference between regions and the influence of refrigeration temperature on the quality of fresh agricultural products and refrigeration energy consumption during long-distance transportation.Firstly,this paper introduces the related theories of cold chain logistics of fresh agricultural products and the main transportation channels between China and Europe.Then,based on the calculation method of refrigeration cost and carbon emission cost,and on the premise of meeting the minimum quality requirements,a two-stage optimization model and an integrated optimization model were constructed respectively,with the goal of minimizing the sum of transportation costs,refrigeration costs,and carbon emissions costs from transportation and refrigeration.In the two-stage model,the first stage is to solve the optimal transportation route and method,and the second stage is to make a decision on the cooling temperature on the route based on the results of the first stage.The integrated model is to make decisions on the transportation route,mode and cooling temperature at the same time.Finally,through the experiment of fresh agricultural products transportation between China and Europe,the superiority of the solution of the integrated model is proved at first.The other is to compare the two situations where the external environment temperature is the same and differs.The third is a comparative analysis of several major transportation routes between China and Europe.And the fourth is to conduct scenario analysis based on different cooling temperature intervals and minimum quality requirements.This paper verified the importance of considering the cooling temperature and the differences of external environmental temperature in cold chain logistics,and analyzed its impacts on the cold chain transportation scheme. |
