| With the advent of the ‘knowledge economy’ era,economic development is more dependent on innovative elements such as knowledge and technology.Countries around the world are making great efforts to promote the development of industrial structures to a more advanced and rational direction.At present,China is in the tackling phase of improving quality and efficiency,and transforming its development momentum.It urgently needs to change the mode of economic development.Patent-intensive industry is emerging industry,which has a density and scale of invention patents that are above the national average and has good growth.It is highly compatible with the innovation and development policy guidance,and includes eight industries such as information industry,intelligent manufacturing equipment industry,and so on.Developing patent-intensive industries has become an important starting point for optimizing China’s industrial structure and promoting high-quality development of the Chinese economy.Most of the existing industrial layout theories are summaries and refinements based on the industrial development experience of developed countries in the West.Moreover,most of the previous researches focused on the research of the patent-intensive industry segmentation industry,but few studies focused on the overall industry and its subdivided industries at the regional level.Therefore,this paper focuses on the study of the spatial-temporal evolution pattern,spatial correlation and influencing factors of patent-intensive industries and their subdivided industries in the Yangtze River Delta region.The research conclusion can not only provide reference for the transformation and upgrading of regional industries and high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region,but also enrich the existing industrial layout theory and regional innovation theory.First of all,this study sorts out industrial location theory,regional innovation theory,and summarizes the relevant literature on the definition,location and influencing factors of patent-intensive industries.On this basis,an analysis framework for the influencing factors of the spatial pattern of patent-intensive industries was constructed.Secondly,basing on the Chinese industrial enterprise database,statistical yearbooks of various cities,and patsnap patent search platform,we take the three provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta region(Shanghai,Jiangsu Province,Zhejiang Province,Anhui Province)and their prefecture-level cities as the research object,then obtaining the total industrial output value and human capital data of patent-intensive industries and their sub-sectors from 1998 to 2013,and the patent applications from 1998 to 2018.Thirdly,the spatial Gini coefficient and EG index are used to measure the concentration level of patent-intensive industries and their subdivided industries in 41 prefecture-level cities;Using Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA)to explore the spatial correlation of patent-intensive industries and their subdivided industries in the Yangtze River Delta region;Finally,discussing the relationship between the seven influencing factors and the output value of patent-intensive industries based on the SARM,SEM and SDM models;then,relevant policy recommendations for industrial upgrading and high-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta region were proposed.The research found that:(1)The spatial difference between the total industrial output value and the number of patent applications of patent-intensive industries and their sub-industries in the Yangtze River Delta region is based on the Gini coefficient.The spatial difference of total industrial output value in the Yangtze River Delta region has been reduced,and there were significant phase characteristics,but the spatial difference in the number of patent applications did not change significantly.(2)As for the spatial layout of the patent-intensive industries in the cities of Yangtze River Delta region,the spatial unevenness of the overall industry has spread from cities with high economic development levels,such as Shanghai,Suzhou,Hangzhou,and Nanjing,to northern Jiangsu,southwestern Zhejiang,and Wuhu,Bengbu,and Fuyang in Anhui.Subdivision of industries is a pattern of dislocation development.(3)Basing on EG index,the agglomeration structure of patent-intensive industries and their subdivided industries is getting better and better.The leading role of radiation in Shanghai,Suzhou and other central cities has gradually increased,and patent-intensive industries in surrounding cities have developed to receive radiation.(4)Analyzing the spatial correlation of patent-intensive industries and their subdivided industries in the Yangtze River Delta with ESDA,whether it is based on total industrial output value or patent application data,it founds that the correlation of the concentration of patent-intensive industries has increased,and it is on the rise.This shows that a city’s industry and innovation depend on its neighboring city’s industry and innovation development activities,and it has a promoting effect on the neighboring city’s industry development and innovation.The polarizing effect of industrial development is weakening,and the trickle-down effect continues to strengthen.Specifically,the H-H type area is distributed in the shape of a cluster centered on Suzhou and Shanghai,and the spatial correlation between the cities there is strong;Northern Jiangsu,southwestern Zhejiang and most parts of Anhui such as Suqian,Xuzhou,Bozhou,Fuyang,Bengbu and other cities are the L-L cluster areas.The industrial between the cities there has weak correlation and low interaction.In addition,the overall spatial distribution of subdivided industries is similar to the patent-intensive industries.(5)Model results show that the spatial pattern of patent-intensive industries is greatly affected by local human resource,technological level,policies and scale economies.Local FDI has not effectively promoted industrial development,and the role of local market demand and technological density on industrial development is weakened.The spatial spillover among patent-intensive industries in various cities is gradually increasing.The human resource,industrial policies and market demands of neighboring cities have all contributed to the development of the local industry.However,the spillover effect of technological level,FDI and technological density is weak,the scale economies effect hinders the development of local industry indirectly.(6)According to the research conclusions,this article puts forward policy recommendations as follow: Training high-quality talents and building a talent system;Breaking the technical barriers in the region and improving the ability of independent innovation;Expanding market openness and raising the technical threshold for foreign investment;Improving the policy system and promoting the development of regional integration;Adapting to market demand and expanding the international and domestic markets. |
