| As an important component of the tourism industry,the efficiency level of the travel agency industry is an important factor affecting the overall efficiency of the tourism industry and the development of the Tourism Economy It is very important for the development of regional tourism industry to study the spatio-temporal evolution of travel agency industry efficiency.Firstly,this paper discusses the concept and connotation of efficiency and productivity,travel agency industry efficiency and travel agency factor efficiency,summarizes the related literature at home and abroad,and adopts the method of DEA-Malmquist and AHP.This paper constructs an evaluation index system based on the efficiency of travel agency industry,in which the input includes the size,the cost of assets,the human resource elements,and the output includes the income and the market elements This paper explores the spatio-temporal evolution of travel agency industry efficiency in Nanjing from 2010 to 2017 by using GIS spatial analysis and comparative research methods.The results show that:(1)the average level of pure technical efficiency of the travel agency industry is the highest at the city,district,county or street level;(2)The trend of three major efficiency changes is similar at the district and street level At the municipal level,the three efficiencies are quite different after 2015;(3)the time sequence of the three efficiencies is different,and the degree of the decomposition efficiency's influence on the overall efficiency is quite different at different scales;(4)for total factor productivity,It has the characteristic of alternation of increase and decrease under many visual angles;(5)in the district scale,comprehensive evolution of space efficiency mainly main urban area from high to low efficiency,the suburban areas continue to rise,exurb down first and then picks up,pure technical efficiency space evolution mainly for suburban areas continue to improve,the main efficiency first increase then decrease,the scale efficiency of spatial pattern changes smaller;(6)at the street level,the area with high efficiency of comprehensive efficiency remains unchanged,while the area with low efficiency in the main urban area increases significantly.The spatial pattern of pure technical efficiency changes little,and the level of scale efficiency declines.(7)from the perspective of the stability of the efficiency state,the stability of the three efficiencies in different scales is not high,among which the scale efficiency is the highest,the pure technical efficiency is the second,and the comprehensive efficiency is the lowest;(8)the regional difference and variation trend of the three efficiencies of district and county scale travel agencies are small,while the regional difference and variation trend of the three efficiencies of street scale are large,and the intra-group gap is dominant in different scales;(9)from the perspective of spatial agglomeration of efficiency,from the perspective of district and county level,the three efficiencies have almost no spatial agglomeration characteristics in 8 years;while from the perspective of street level scale,the comprehensive efficiency and pure technical efficiency have strong spatial agglomeration characteristics in 2010-2014,while the scale efficiency has strong spatial agglomeration characteristics in 8 years.The tourist market structure of the tourism market and the employees of the enterprises have a strong positive influence on the efficiency of the travel agency industry In recent years,the industry status of enterprises also has a strong positive effect on the efficiency of travel agency,and the factors that have a negative effect on the efficiency of travel agency vary in different periods.In the future,the efficiency of regional travel agency and travel agency enterprises can be improved by enlarging the scale of enterprises,improving the efficiency of factors and innovating tourism products. |
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