| The countryside is the foundation for the emergence and development of the city.In-depth study on rural issues is of great significance for promoting urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.Since the reform and opening up,China has made remarkable achievements in urban-rural economic and social development,meanwhile,the drawbacks of the dual economic structure in urban and rural areas were gradually emerging,such as the changes of man-land relationship in countryside,cultivated land abandoning,homesickness memory loss,spatial differentiation in rural,and inefficient utilization of characteristic resources make it out of harmony with social development and the needs of The Times.Sichuan Province as the microcosm of economic and social development in western China,it is typical to evaluate its rural development.Due to the large regional differences in natural conditions,resource endowment,economic foundation and urban-rural relations,the trend of differentiated rural development is becoming more and more significant.Further study on the current situation of rural development in Sichuan is the foundation that solves the problems of rural development and orchestrates the development of urban and rural areas.This paper took the counties of Sichuan Province as the research object,Constructed the rural evaluation index system from the perspective of "population-land-industry",used rurality index model to calculate rural development level,analyzed on rural spatio-temporal evolution by means of GIS spatial analysis technique,constructed rural spatial-temporal pattern driving mechanism from the perspective of qualitative analysis,applied the model of geographic detector to evaluate the relative importance and the change of the interaction of different factors on the intensity of rural interpretation quantitatively.Finally,some suggestions were put forward to optimize the development of villages in sichuan province.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)In terms of time change,the rurality index in Sichuan Province on county scale has a significant downward trend in the overall.Although rurality index showed a trend of weakening,which still relatively high.The skewness coefficient of rurality indicated that county units with strong rurality accounted for a slightly larger proportion but were decreasing in number.The variation coefficient of rurality was at a relatively high level and showed a fluctuating descending tendency,which indicated that there was a significant difference between counties in the case of the overall decline in rural level.The higher range also showed that rural development level among counties was obviously unbalanced in Sichuan Province.(2)In terms of spatial evolution,from 2000 to 2014,the rurality indexes of Sichuan on county represented the U-shaped pattern both in the east-west direction and the north-south direction.The weak rurality areas and weaker rurality areas were constantly expanding from the center to the periphery,while the strong rurality and stronger rurality areas shrinking to the periphery,core-periphery structure was obvious.The weak rurality counties had strong spatial connectivity,mainly concentrated in Chengdu Plain area.The weaker rurality counties and the weak rurality counties were interlaced,the number of weaker rurality counties in northeast Sichuan and south Sichuan was increasing,but still in a scattered state.Although the distribution of strong rurality counties was shrinking,some counties located in the northwest corner of Sichuan and Liangshan Prefecture had always been at the level of strong rurality.(3)In terms of the characteristics of spatial evolution of rurality level,96 percent of counties were in a state of decline,with slow decline type leading the way,24 percent of counties were fluctuating,and very few counties were wavy up type.The center of gravity was mainly moved in Pengshan County and the border area between Pengshan and Meishan,mainly in the east-west direction.The rurality center of gravity moved 14.620 km in the west-northwest direction.The spatial agglomeration of rurality index was continuously strengthened,and the strong rurality counties were evolving in space.The spatial pattern of rurality agglomeration type was relatively stable,with "H-H" and "L-L" as the main types,among which,the spatial agglomeration of "H-H" type was the most significant.(4)In terms of influencing factors,The evolution of rurality spatial pattern in county of Sichuan Province was influenced by stability factors,dynamic factosr and disturbance factors.In the last 16 years,Socio-economic factors represented by per capita GDP and urbanization rate were the leading factors influencing the rurality spatial pattern in county.The comprehensive action intensity of each factor in different periods was: social economic factors > industrial structure factors > population mobility factors > geographical location factors > traffic condition factors > natural environment factors.The influence of the interaction of different factors was always greater than that of the individual factors.In terms of partition detection,natural environment was the leading factor which influencing the spatial differentiation of the strong rurality and the weaker rurality areas,geographical location and traffic conditions were the key factors influencing the strong rurality differentiation,and socio-economic factors were the main factors which influencing the spatial differentiation of weak rurality areas.(5)In terms of development proposals,the strong rurality areas should minimize the restrictions of the terrain,according to local conditions for poverty alleviating migration,and focus on developing regional culture and education cause and characteristic tourism.The stronger rural areas should coordinate the relationship between ecological environmental protection and economic development,give full play to the functions of the central city,improve infrastructure and develop the tourism industry vigorously.It is necessary for the weaker rural areas to strengthen the construction of major agricultural production areas,and deepen the urban-rural integration to keep people stay in the countryside.The weak rural areas ought to develop various forms of modern urban tourism agriculture,build rural tourism industry chain,promote rural revitalization and new urbanization strategy simultaneously,and gradually realize urbanization in the process of rural revitalization. |
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