Research On The Symmetry Of "cold" And "hot" And Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

This paper takes "leng" and "re" as the research objects,and investigates the symmetry and asymmetry of the two in terms of semantics,word-formation,and syntax,and explores the reasons for the existence of asymmetry in combination with modern linguistic labeling theory,cognitive theory,and so on.And put forward reasonable suggestions for "leng" and "re" teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.Semantically,this paper analyzes the meaning of "leng" and "re" in the dictionary and examines the semantic evolution of "leng" and "re".From the semantic item,the number of "re" items is slightly more than "leng".Both of them have relative and unique meanings.From semantic evolution,the semantic evolution paths of "leng" and "re" are similar.However,there is asymmetry in the demise of semantics.The semantic extension of "re" is greater than "leng" and the emotional color is also different.In terms of word-formation,this paper compares the symmetry of "leng" and "re"in word-formation ability,word formation,formed words,and fixed phrases.The word formation abilities of "leng" and "re" are asymmetrical.Although both of them are mainly based on the modifier-core structure,the difference in the specific quantity is obvious.The formed words are completely symmetrical except for a few,and more are word forms or meaning asymmetries.The number of fixed phrases constituted by"leng" is also slightly more than "re".Syntactically,this paper examines the symmetry of "leng,"and"re" in terms of collocation and syntactic elements.Some words can be collocated with "leng" and"re" at the same time,while some words can only be matched with "leng","re"."leng" and "re" can all be used as syntactic elements such as subject,predicate,object,attributive,adverbial,and complement.However,"re" as the subject,object and attributive is more than "leng",and "leng" can be overlapping when as adverbial,"re" but not.Furthermore,this paper explores the reasons for the symmetry and asymmetry of "leng" and "re" from both internal and external aspects of language.Symmetric reasons are "leng" and "re" have the relative terms,as well as the Han people’s integral thinking characteristics and the aesthetic orientation of pursuing symmetrical beauty.The reasons of asymmetry include the non-uniqueness of antonymy,the out of sync in language evolution,differences in phonetic and semantics,association mark patterns,cognitive,psychological,and economic principles.In the end,aiming at the symmetry and asymmetry of "leng" and "re" the author analyzed the typical errors caused by "lengs" and "re" symmetry,and explored the causes of the errors,and then made recommendations for the《Syllabus》and the teaching materials,teachers,etc.